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Home / Equine Research Bank / Genes (Basel) / High-Resolution Genotyping of Expressed Equine MHC Reveals a...
Genes2023; 14(7); doi: 10.3390/genes14071422

High-Resolution Genotyping of Expressed Equine MHC Reveals a Highly Complex MHC Structure.

Abstract: The Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) genes play a key role in a number of biological processes, most notably in immunological responses. The MHCI and MHCII genes incorporate a complex set of highly polymorphic and polygenic series of genes, which, due to the technical limitations of previously available technologies, have only been partially characterized in non-model but economically important species such as the horse. The advent of high-throughput sequencing platforms has provided new opportunities to develop methods to generate high-resolution sequencing data on a large scale and apply them to the analysis of complex gene sets such as the MHC. In this study, we developed and applied a MiSeq-based approach for the combined analysis of the expressed MHCI and MHCII repertoires in cohorts of Thoroughbred, Icelandic, and Norwegian Fjord Horses. The approach enabled us to generate comprehensive MHCI/II data for all of the individuals (n = 168) included in the study, identifying 152 and 117 novel MHCI and MHCII sequences, respectively. There was limited overlap in MHCI and MHCII haplotypes between the Thoroughbred and the Icelandic/Norwegian Fjord horses, showcasing the variation in MHC repertoire between genetically divergent breeds, and it can be inferred that there is much more MHC diversity in the global horse population. This study provided novel insights into the structure of the expressed equine MHC repertoire and highlighted unique features of the MHC in horses.
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Publication Date: 2023-07-10 PubMed ID: 37510326PubMed Central: PMC10379315DOI: 10.3390/genes14071422Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article
  • Research Support
  • Non-U.S. Gov't

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research used advanced technology to study complex genes called MHC in Thoroughbred, Icelandic, and Norwegian Fjord Horses. The study identified new sequences and differences between the breeds, providing new insights into the genes related to the immune system in horses.

Introduction to MHC Genes

  • MHC (Major Histocompatibility Complex) genes are vital in the immune system, controlling how the body recognizes foreign substances.
  • These genes are complex and have been partially understood in horses due to previous technological limitations.
  • The advent of high-throughput sequencing platforms has allowed for a more in-depth study of these genes.

Development of the MiSeq-Based Approach

  • The study introduced a MiSeq-based approach for the analysis of MHCI and MHCII genes in different horse breeds.
  • This method made it possible to gather high-resolution data on a large scale.
  • It was applied to Thoroughbred, Icelandic, and Norwegian Fjord Horses, with a total of 168 individuals included in the study.

Findings and Novel Sequences

  • The approach identified 152 novel MHCI and 117 novel MHCII sequences.
  • These discoveries add to the understanding of the structure and diversity of MHC genes in horses.

Variation Between Breeds

  • There was limited overlap in MHCI and MHCII haplotypes between Thoroughbred and Icelandic/Norwegian Fjord horses.
  • This demonstrates the variation in the MHC repertoire between genetically divergent breeds.
  • It suggests that there is even more diversity in MHC genes in the global horse population.

Significance and Insights

  • The study provides new insights into the structure of the MHC repertoire in horses, highlighting unique features specific to the species.
  • Understanding the differences and commonalities in these genes among different breeds can contribute to the understanding of immune responses in horses, with potential applications in disease resistance and breeding programs.

Cite This Article

APA
Vasoya D, Tzelos T, Benedictus L, Karagianni AE, Pirie S, Marr C, Oddsdóttir C, Fintl C, Connelley T. (2023). High-Resolution Genotyping of Expressed Equine MHC Reveals a Highly Complex MHC Structure. Genes (Basel), 14(7). https://doi.org/10.3390/genes14071422

Publication

Genes
ISSN: 2073-4425
NlmUniqueID: 101551097
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 14
Issue: 7

Researcher Affiliations

Vasoya, Deepali
  • The Roslin Institute, The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Roslin EH25 9RG, UK.
Tzelos, Thomas
  • The Roslin Institute, The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Roslin EH25 9RG, UK.
  • Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Bush Loan, Penicuik EH26 0PZ, UK.
Benedictus, Lindert
  • Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Karagianni, Anna Eleonora
  • The Roslin Institute, The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Roslin EH25 9RG, UK.
Pirie, Scott
  • Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Roslin EH25 9RG, UK.
Marr, Celia
  • Rossdales Equine Hospital, Cotton End Road, Exning, Newmarket CD8 7NN, UK.
Oddsdóttir, Charlotta
  • The Institute for Experimental Pathology at Keldur, University of Iceland Keldnavegur 3, 112 Reykjavík, Iceland.
Fintl, Constanze
  • Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, 1432 Ås, Norway.
Connelley, Timothy
  • The Roslin Institute, The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Roslin EH25 9RG, UK.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Horses / genetics
  • Genotype
  • Haplotypes / genetics

Grant Funding

  • BBS/E/D/20002174 / Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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