Horse embryonic stem cell lines from the proliferation of inner cell mass cells.

Li, X
·
Zhou, SG
·
Imreh, MP
·
Ahrlund-Richter, L
·
Allen, WR

Abstract: Inner cell mass (ICM) cells were isolated immunosurgically from day 7-8 horse blastocysts and, after proliferation in vitro for 15-28 passages, three lines of cells were confirmed to be embryonic stem (ES) cells by their continued expression of alkaline phosphatase activity and their ability to bind antisera specific for the recognized stem cell markers, SSEA-1, TRA-1-60, TRA-1-81, and the key embryonic gene Oct-4. When maintained under feeder cell-free conditions in vitro, the three lines of cells differentiated into cells of ectodermal, endodermal, and mesodermal lineages. However, they did not form teratomata when injected into the testes of severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID)/beige immunoincompetent mice, thereby indicating a significant difference in phenotype between ES cells of the horse and those of the mouse and human.

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Publication Date: 2006-09-19 PubMed ID: 16978056DOI: 10.1089/scd.2006.15.523Google Scholar: Lookup

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This research involved the isolation and cultivation of inner cell mass cells from horse blastocysts. After several phases of growth in a lab setting, three cell lines were confirmed as embryonic stem cells due to their alkaline phosphatase activity and ability to bind certain stem cell markers. Interestingly, these cells underwent differentiation into various cell types but did not form teratomata – a type of tumor – when tested on mice, highlighting a difference in cell behavior between horse stem cells and those from mice or humans.

Isolation and Growth of Inner Cell Mass Cells

This research study began with the isolation of inner cell mass (ICM) cells. These cells, derived from day 7-8 horse blastocysts, were subjected to a process called immunosurgery to separate them from the rest of the cells in the blastocyst.
Once isolated, these cells were allowed to grow in vitro (in a laboratory setting) for 15-28 passages, or cycles of growth and division. This process allowed the researchers to obtain a sufficient number of ICM cells for further investigation.

Identification of Embryonic Stem Cells

After the proliferation period, three distinct cell lines were identified. These were confirmed to be embryonic stem (ES) cells, a particular type of pluripotent stem cell capable of differentiating into any cell type in the body.
The confirmation of the ES cell nature of these cells was achieved by observing their continuous expression of alkaline phosphatase activity and their ability to bind antisera specific for recognized stem cell markers. These markers include SSEA-1, TRA-1-60, and TRA-1-81, as well as the significant embryonic gene Oct-4.

Cell Differentiation and Phenotypic Differences

The embryonic stem cells, when kept under feeder-cell-free conditions in vitro, went on to differentiate into cells of ectodermal, endodermal, and mesodermal lineages. These lineages represent the three germ layers from which all tissues and organs in the body originate.
Of significant note in this study was the fact that the ES cells did not form teratomata upon injection into the testes of mice. Teratomata are tumors derived from germ cells, typically containing several types of tissue such as hair, muscle, or bone.
This lack of tumor formation indicates a marked difference in phenotype (observable characteristics or traits) between ES cells derived from horses and those derived from mice or humans. While the implications of this difference aren’t explicitly stated, it could potentially affect how horse ES cells are used in research and therapeutic contexts.

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APA

Li X, Zhou SG, Imreh MP, Ahrlund-Richter L, Allen WR. (2006). Horse embryonic stem cell lines from the proliferation of inner cell mass cells. Stem Cells Dev, 15(4), 523-531. https://doi.org/10.1089/scd.2006.15.523

Publication

Stem cells and development

ISSN: 1547-3287

NlmUniqueID: 101197107

Country: United States

Language: English

Volume: 15

Issue: 4

Pages: 523-531

Researcher Affiliations

Li, Xihe

Department of Veterinary Medicine, Equine Fertility Unit, Mertoun Paddocks, University of Cambridge, Newmarket, Suffolk CB8 9BH, UK.

Zhou, S G

Imreh, Marta P

Ahrlund-Richter, L

Allen, W R

MeSH Terms

Animals
Biomarkers
Blastocyst / cytology
Cell Proliferation
Embryo, Mammalian / cytology
Equidae / metabolism
Humans
Mice
Mice, SCID
Phenotype
Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
Stem Cells / cytology
Teratoma / pathology

Citations

This article has been cited 25 times.

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