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Veterinary sciences2020; 7(1); 28; doi: 10.3390/vetsci7010028

Horses as a Crucial Part of One Health.

Abstract: One Health (OH) is a crucial concept, where the interference between humans, animals and the environment matters. This review article focusses on the role of horses in maintaining the health of humans and the environment. Horses' impact on environmental health includes their influence on soil and the biodiversity of animal and plant species. Nevertheless, the effect of horses is not usually linear and several factors like plant-animal coevolutionary history, climate and animal density play significant roles. The long history of the relationship between horses and humans is shaped by the service of horses in wars or even in mines. Moreover, horses were essential in developing the first antidote to cure diphtheria. Nowadays, horses do have an influential role in animal assisted therapy, in supporting livelihoods in low income countries and as a leisure partner. Horses are of relevance in the spillover of zoonotic and emerging diseases from wildlife to human (e.g., ), and in non-communicable diseases (e.g., in horses and in horse riders). Furthermore, many risk factors-such as climate change and antimicrobial resistance-threaten the health of both horses and humans. Finally, the horse is a valuable factor in sustaining the health of humans and the environment, and must be incorporated in any roadmap to achieve OH.
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Publication Date: 2020-02-29 PubMed ID: 32121327PubMed Central: PMC7157506DOI: 10.3390/vetsci7010028Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This article discusses the prominent role of horses in One Health (OH), a concept highlighting the integrated well-being of humans, animals, and the environment. It focuses on various areas including horses’ impact on environmental health, their interactions with humans throughout history, their current roles in animal assisted therapy, their relevancy in diseases transference, and the potential threats they face due to climate change and antimicrobial resistance.

Relevance of Horses in One Health

  • The concept of One Health recognizes the interconnectedness of human health, animal health, and the environment. Horses, being one of the larger mammals in close interaction with humans, have a significant impact on these areas.
  • The review paper delves into horses’ influence on soil health and biodiversity. Horses’ grazing and lifestyle can affect plant and animal species in their habitats, contributing to greater or lesser biodiversity depending on several factors like local climate, plant-animal relationship history, and animal density.

Interactions of Horses and Humans throughout History

  • The paper also explores the historical relationship between humans and horses, pointing out how horses have been used in warfare and labour-intensive tasks such as mining in the past.
  • It highlights how horses were pivotal in developing the first effective treatment against diphtheria, highlighting their importance in medical advancements.

Roles of Horses in Modern Society

  • In contemporary times, horses play pivotal roles, particularly in animal-assisted therapy, where they help individuals cope with various disorders such as anxiety and depression.
  • They also support livelihoods in low-income countries where they are often used for transportation and agricultural purposes.
  • Additionally, they are valued as companions for leisure activities in several societies.

Horses and Disease Transmission

  • Horses have been identified as important in the transmission of zoonotic diseases that can move from wildlife to human populations. This connection highlights their roles in potential disease outbreaks and the importance of their health to human well-being.

Threats to Horse and Human Health

  • The threats that climate change and antimicrobial resistance pose to horses are analyzed, reflecting our intertwined fate in matters of environmental and global health. It emphasizes the importance of adopting sustainable practices to safeguard both human and horse health.

Finally, the review argues that due to these multifaceted roles and impacts, any comprehensive plan to implement One Health must include horses. Properly managing their health and well-being leads to better health outcomes for humans and the environment.

Cite This Article

APA
Lönker NS, Fechner K, Wahed AAE. (2020). Horses as a Crucial Part of One Health. Vet Sci, 7(1), 28. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci7010028

Publication

Veterinary sciences
ISSN: 2306-7381
NlmUniqueID: 101680127
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 7
Issue: 1
PII: 28

Researcher Affiliations

Lönker, Nelly Sophie
  • Virology Lab, Division of Microbiology and Animal Hygiene, University of Goettingen, Burckhardtweg 2, 37077 Goettingen, Germany.
Fechner, Kim
  • Virology Lab, Division of Microbiology and Animal Hygiene, University of Goettingen, Burckhardtweg 2, 37077 Goettingen, Germany.
Wahed, Ahmed Abd El
  • Virology Lab, Division of Microbiology and Animal Hygiene, University of Goettingen, Burckhardtweg 2, 37077 Goettingen, Germany.

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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