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PloS one2021; 16(8); e0255688; doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0255688

Horses show individual level lateralisation when inspecting an unfamiliar and unexpected stimulus.

Abstract: Animals must attend to a diverse array of stimuli in their environments. The emotional valence and salience of a stimulus can affect how this information is processed in the brain. Many species preferentially attend to negatively valent stimuli using the sensory organs on the left side of their body and hence the right hemisphere of their brain. Here, we investigated the lateralisation of visual attention to the rapid appearance of a stimulus (an inflated balloon) designed to induce an avoidance reaction and a negatively valent emotional state in 77 Italian saddle horses. Horses' eyes are laterally positioned on the head, and each eye projects primarily to the contralateral hemisphere, allowing eye use to be a proxy for preferential processing in one hemisphere of the brain. We predicted that horses would inspect the novel and unexpected stimulus with their left eye and hence right hemisphere. We found that horses primarily inspected the balloon with one eye, and most horses had a preferred eye to do so, however, we did not find a population level tendency for this to be the left or the right eye. The strength of this preference tended to decrease over time, with the horses using their non-preferred eye to inspect the balloon increasingly as the trial progressed. Our results confirm a lateralised eye use tendency when viewing negatively emotionally valent stimuli in horses, in agreement with previous findings. However, there was not any alignment of lateralisation at the group level in our sample, suggesting that the expression of lateralisation in horses depends on the sample population and testing context.
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Publication Date: 2021-08-05 PubMed ID: 34351986PubMed Central: PMC8341651DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0255688Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research study focuses on the tendency of horses to use one eye more than the other when examining an unfamiliar and negative stimulus, in this case, an inflated balloon. There was no overall preference for left or right eye usage at the population level; the majority of the horses consistently used a specific eye to view the balloon, although this preference tended to decrease over time.

Research Context

  • The research revolves around the concept of ‘lateralisation’, which refers to the preference of an animal to use one side of its body more than the other for certain tasks.
  • The study highlights how this phenomenon occurs in horses when responding to an unexpected and unfamiliar stimulus, specifically an inflated balloon that would induce a negative emotional state and an avoidance reaction in the subjects.

Horses’ Visual Perception

  • The unique positioning and physiology of a horse’s eyes, which are laterally positioned on the head and primarily project to the opposite hemisphere of the brain, was utilized as a measure for the study.
  • This implies that the eye that a horse opts to use to inspect an object can indicate which brain hemisphere it prefers to process that particular information.

Research Findings

  • The research observed that horses predominantly inspected the balloon using a single eye over the other, with most having a certain preference.
  • The strength of this preference tended to decrease over time, as the horses used their non-preferred eye increasingly to inspect the balloon as the trial progressed.
  • While individual horses displayed lateralized eye use, there was no overall preference for left or right eye use across the entire population of horses tested.

Implications and Conclusions

  • The results align with previous findings, corroborating the existence of lateralized eye use when horses view negative stimuli.
  • However, the lack of left or right eye preference at a population level indicates that lateralization in horses could significantly depend on the sample population and testing context.
  • Overall, this study contributes to our understanding of how horses process environmental stimuli and may have potential implications in their training and welfare.

Cite This Article

APA
(2021). Horses show individual level lateralisation when inspecting an unfamiliar and unexpected stimulus. PLoS One, 16(8), e0255688. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255688

Publication

PloS one
ISSN: 1932-6203
NlmUniqueID: 101285081
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 16
Issue: 8
Pages: e0255688
PII: e0255688

Researcher Affiliations

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Attention
  • Emotions
  • Eye Movements
  • Functional Laterality
  • Horses / physiology
  • Horses / psychology
  • Visual Perception

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

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Citations

This article has been cited 7 times.
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