[Human and animal fascioliasis in Peru: impact in the economy of endemic zones].
Abstract: Fasciola hepatica is the causative agent of fasciolosis in Peru; the disease is an important public health problem by the high prevalence of the human infection affecting mainly children and a major veterinary problem by the high rates of infected livestock. The human disease is endemic in the Sierra and the Coast but sporadic in the Amazonia, and reported in 18 Departments, while the animal infection in 21 of 24 Departments of Peru. Transmission occurs in Andean rural populations engaged in agriculture, but recently an increasing number of people became infected in the cities. The epidemiological situation in Peru includes i) Departments with non-autochtonous cases, where infection occurs by consumption of contaminated vegetables brought from endemic areas or infection is acquired by visit to endemic areas; ii) Departments with hypoendemic and mesoendemic villages, where transmission occurs by ingest of contaminated vegetables and prevalence ≤10%; and iii) Departments with hyper-endemic villages with human prevalence >10 %, with an intense transmission by consumption of contaminated vegetables. The disease affects bovine, sheep, goat, swine, equine, South American camelids, rabbits and guinea pigs. The negative impact of fasciolosis in the livestock economy is not lesser than US$ 50 million per year, estimation based on the prevalence and the number of condemned livers in the abattoirs. It is difficult to estimate the economic impact of this infection in the human health due to its status of neglected disease, but fasciolosis is hyper-endemic in the poorest Andean areas of Peru where the situation has to be recognized as a public health emergency.
Publication Date: 2011-02-11 PubMed ID: 21308203DOI: 10.1590/s1726-46342010000400018Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary
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The research article explores the impact of Fasciola hepatica, a parasite causing fasciolosis in humans and livestock, on the economy of Peru. The parasite is highly prevalent in Peru, causing significant public health issues and veterinary problems.
Overview of Fasciolosis in Peru
- The paper illustrates how Fasciola hepatica causes fasciolosis, a disease that seriously affects humans and livestock in Peru.
- The human infection is particularly prevalent, affecting primarily children. The animal infection is widespread, affecting bovine, sheep, goat, swine, equine, South American camelids, rabbits, and guinea pigs. The disease is reported in 18 Departments for human infection and 21 out of 24 Departments for animal infection.
- The parasite is endemic in the Sierra and the Coast but sporadic in the Amazonia of Peru. An increase in the number of people infected in the cities has also been reported.
Transmission and Epidemiological Situation
- Fasciola hepatica is typically transmitted in Andean rural populations engaged in agriculture. However, non-autochtonous cases have been reported, where infection occurs due to consumption of contaminated vegetables brought from endemic areas or infection acquired through visits to endemic areas.
- The epidemiological situation in Peru includes Departments with hypoendemic and mesoendemic villages, where prevalence is ≤10%. It also includes Departments with hyper-endemic villages where the human prevalence is >10%, indicating an intense transmission rate primarily caused by the ingestion of contaminated vegetables.
Economic Impact
- The negative economic impact of fasciolosis on livestock is estimated based on the prevalence of the disease and the number of discarded livers in the abattoirs. The disease results in an economic loss of no less than US$ 50 million per year.
- Measuring the economic impact of this infection on human health is challenging due to its status as a neglected disease. However, given that fasciolosis is hyper-endemic in the poorest Andean areas of Peru, it should be recognised as a public health emergency.
Cite This Article
APA
Espinoza JR, Terashima A, Herrera-Velit P, Marcos LA.
(2011).
[Human and animal fascioliasis in Peru: impact in the economy of endemic zones].
Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica, 27(4), 604-612.
https://doi.org/10.1590/s1726-46342010000400018 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Laboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollo, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú. jose.espinoza@upch.pe
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Endemic Diseases
- Fascioliasis / diagnosis
- Fascioliasis / economics
- Fascioliasis / epidemiology
- Fascioliasis / prevention & control
- Fascioliasis / veterinary
- Humans
- Peru / epidemiology
Citations
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