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PloS one2014; 9(4); e93662; doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093662

Identification and characterization of microRNAs in normal equine tissues by Next Generation Sequencing.

Abstract: The role of microRNAs (miRNAs) as a post-transcriptional gene regulator has been elucidated in a broad range of organisms including domestic animals. Characterization of miRNAs in normal tissues is an important step to investigate the functions of miRNAs in various physiological and pathological conditions. Using Illumina Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) technology, we identified a total of 292 known and 329 novel miRNAs in normal horse tissues including skeletal muscle, colon and liver. Distinct sets of miRNAs were differentially expressed in a tissue-specific manner. The miRNA genes were distributed across all the chromosomes except chromosomes 29 and 31 in the horse reference genome. In some chromosomes, multiple miRNAs were clustered and considered to be polycistronic transcript. A base composition analysis showed that equine miRNAs had a higher frequency of A+U than G+C. Furthermore, U tended to be more frequent at the 5' end of miRNA sequences. This is the first experimental study that identifies and characterizes the global miRNA expression profile in normal horse tissues. The present study enriches the horse miRNA database and provides useful information for further research dissecting biological functions of miRNAs in horse.
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Publication Date: 2014-04-02 PubMed ID: 24695583PubMed Central: PMC3973549DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093662Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Non-U.S. Gov't

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research article explores the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in regulating genes post-transcriptionally in several organisms, with a primary focus on horses. The researchers used Next Generation Sequencing technology to identify and study hundreds of known and new miRNAs in normal horse tissues, documenting their different expressions and locations in the horse genome.

Study Overview

  • The research identified and characterized miRNAs in normal horse tissues using high-throughput sequencing technology called Next Generation Sequencing (NGS). This high-tech sequencing method allowed researchers to identify large numbers of miRNAs reliably and efficiently.
  • The study focused on three tissues: skeletal muscle, liver and colon. A total of 621 miRNAs were identified – 292 known and 329 previously unidentified.

Key Findings

  • The researchers identified tissue-specific miRNA expression patterns. Different sets of miRNAs were found to be expressed in different tissues, indicating that their function may vary depending on the tissue.
  • The identified miRNA genes were widely distributed across the horse chromosomes. Interestingly, no miRNAs were found on chromosomes 29 and 31.
  • On some chromosomes, multiple miRNAs were clustered, suggesting they may be part of a polycistronic transcript. This means they could be transcribed as a single unit from DNA to RNA, further regulating gene expression post-transcriptionally.

miRNA Composition and Distribution

  • The researchers did a base composition analysis of the identified miRNAs. It was found that equine miRNAs had a higher frequency of adenine (A) and uracil (U) bases than guanine (G) and cytosine (C). This information could be valuable to future research analyzing the nucleotide composition and structure of miRNAs.
  • Furthermore, the base uracil (U) tended to be more frequent at the 5′ end of equine miRNA sequences. The 5′ end location is significant in RNA biology as it influences the stability and degradation of the molecule.

Contribution to Science

  • This is the first experimental study that identifies and characterizes global miRNA expression profile in normal horse tissues. The research enriches existing horse miRNA database and provides essential information for future research seeking to understand biological functions of miRNAs in the horse.

Cite This Article

APA
Kim MC, Lee SW, Ryu DY, Cui FJ, Bhak J, Kim Y. (2014). Identification and characterization of microRNAs in normal equine tissues by Next Generation Sequencing. PLoS One, 9(4), e93662. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0093662

Publication

PloS one
ISSN: 1932-6203
NlmUniqueID: 101285081
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 9
Issue: 4
Pages: e93662
PII: e93662

Researcher Affiliations

Kim, Myung-Chul
  • Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Lee, Seung-Woo
  • Laboratory of Environmental Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Ryu, Doug-Young
  • Laboratory of Environmental Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Cui, Feng-Ji
  • Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Bhak, Jong
  • Theragen Bio Institute, Suwon-city, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
Kim, Yongbaek
  • Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Base Composition
  • Chromosome Mapping
  • Horses / genetics
  • MicroRNAs / genetics

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

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