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Home / Equine Research Bank / Front Vet Sci / Impact of Three Different Serum Sources on Functional Proper...
Frontiers in veterinary science2021; 8; 634064; doi: 10.3389/fvets.2021.634064

Impact of Three Different Serum Sources on Functional Properties of Equine Mesenchymal Stromal Cells.

Abstract: Culture and expansion of equine mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are routinely performed using fetal bovine serum (FBS) as a source of growth factors, nutrients, and extracellular matrix proteins. However, the desire to minimize introduction of xenogeneic bovine proteins or pathogens and to standardize cellular products intended for clinical application has driven evaluation of alternatives to FBS. Replacement of FBS in culture for several days before administration has been proposed to reduce antigenicity and potentially prolong survival after injection. However, the functional consequences of MSC culture in different serum types have not been fully evaluated. The objective of this study was to compare the immunomodulatory and antibacterial properties of MSCs cultured in three serum sources: FBS or autologous or allogeneic equine serum. We hypothesized that continuous culture in FBS would generate MSCs with improved functionality compared to equine serum and that there would not be important differences between MSCs cultured in autologous vs. allogeneic equine serum. To address these questions, MSCs from three healthy donor horses were expanded in medium with FBS and then switched to culture in FBS or autologous or allogeneic equine serum for 72 h. The impact of this 72-h culture period in different sera on cell viability, cell doubling time, cell morphology, bactericidal capability, chondrogenic differentiation, and production of cytokines and antimicrobial peptides was assessed. Altering serum source did not affect cell viability or morphology. However, cells cultured in FBS had shorter cell doubling times and secreted more interleukin 4 (IL-4), IL-5, IL-17, RANTES, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, fibroblast growth factor 2, eotaxin, and antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin/LL-37 than cells cultured in either source of equine serum. Cells cultured in FBS also exhibited greater spontaneous bactericidal activity. Notably, significant differences in any of these parameters were not observed when autologous vs. allogeneic equine serum was used for cell culture. Chondrogenic differentiation was not different between different serum sources. These results indicate that MSC culture in FBS will generate more functional cells based on a number of parameters and that the theoretical risks of FBS use in MSC culture should be weighed against the loss of MSC function likely to be incurred from culture in equine serum.
Copyright © 2021 Pezzanite, Chow, Griffenhagen, Dow and Goodrich.
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Publication Date: 2021-04-30 PubMed ID: 33996964PubMed Central: PMC8119767DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.634064Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article studies the impact of different serum sources on the functional properties of equine mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). The researchers tested the effect of fetal bovine serum (FBS), autologous equine serum, and allogeneic equine serum on cell viability, cell doubling times, cytokine production, and antibacterial activity among other parameters.

Objectives and Hypothesis

  • The main objective was to assess the effects of three different types of serum: FBS, autologous equine serum, and allogeneic equine serum on the functionalities of MSCs. The study hypothesized that continuous culture in FBS would produce more functional cells compared to those cultured in equine serums. Also, it anticipated no significant differences between MSCs cultured in autologous or allogeneic equine serum.

Methodology

  • The study used MSCs from three healthy donor horses which were first expanded in medium with FBS, then switched to culture in either FBS, autologous equine serum, or allogeneic equine serum for 72 hours.
  • The impact of the 72-hour culture period in different serums on various properties of the cells was evaluated. These included: cell viability, cell doubling time, cell morphology, bactericidal capability, chondrogenic differentiation, and production of cytokines and antimicrobial peptides.

Results

  • The change in serum sources did not affect the cells’ viability or morphology. However, cells cultured in FBS had shorter doubling times and secreted more of several cytokines, including IL-4, IL-5, IL-17, and others, plus the antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin/LL-37.
  • The FBS-cultured cells also showed greater spontaneous bactericidal activity. There were no significant differences noted in parameters when cultures used autologous versus allogeneic equine serum.
  • Chondrogenic differentiation remained the same across different serum sources.

Conclusion

  • The results suggested that MSC cultures in FBS will produce more functional cells based on several parameters. The researchers advise that the potential risks of using FBS in MSC culture should be weighed against the potential loss of MSC function that might occur if equine serum is used instead.

Cite This Article

APA
Pezzanite L, Chow L, Griffenhagen G, Dow S, Goodrich L. (2021). Impact of Three Different Serum Sources on Functional Properties of Equine Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Front Vet Sci, 8, 634064. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2021.634064

Publication

Frontiers in veterinary science
ISSN: 2297-1769
NlmUniqueID: 101666658
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 8
Pages: 634064
PII: 634064

Researcher Affiliations

Pezzanite, Lynn
  • Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States.
Chow, Lyndah
  • Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States.
Griffenhagen, Gregg
  • Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States.
Dow, Steven
  • Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States.
  • Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States.
Goodrich, Laurie
  • Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States.

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

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Citations

This article has been cited 6 times.
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