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In vitro effects of monophosphoryl lipid A and Poly I:C combination on equine cells.
Abstract: Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists have been used as adjuvants to modulate immune responses in both animals and humans. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the combined effects of the TLR 4 agonist monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL) and the TLR 3 agonist polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (Poly I:C) on equine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MoDCs), and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs). Methods: The PBMCs, MoDCs, and BM-MSCs collected from three mixed breed horses were treated with MPL, Poly I:C, and their combination. The mRNA expression of interferon gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12p40, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) was determined using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: The combination of MPL and Poly I:C significantly upregulated immunomodulatory responses in equine cells/ without cytotoxicity. The combination induced greater mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines IFN-γ and IL-6 than MPL or Poly I:C stimulation alone in PBMCs. In addition, the combination induced significantly higher mRNA expression of IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-12p40 in MoDCs, and IL-8, MCP-1, and VEGF in BM-MSCs compared to stimulation with a single TLR agonist. Conclusions: The combination of MPL and Poly I:C can be used as a potential adjuvant candidate for vaccines to aid in preventing infectious diseases in horses.
© 2023 The Korean Society of Veterinary Science.
Publication Date: 2023-06-05 PubMed ID: 37271505PubMed Central: PMC10244135DOI: 10.4142/jvs.23007Google Scholar: Lookup The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
Summary
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The research evaluates how the combined use of toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL) and polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (Poly I:C) can enhance immune responses in horses’ cells without damage, suggesting potential use in vaccine development to prevent infections in equines.
Objective and Methodology
- The study aimed to assess the combined impact of TLR agonists MPL and Poly I:C on various types of equine cells namely peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MoDCs), and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs).
- These cell types were obtained from three mixed breed horses and were treated with MPL, Poly I:C, and a combination of both.
- Using real-time polymerase chain reaction, the study identified the mRNA expression of numerous molecules involved in the immune response, including interferon gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12p40, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1).
Findings
- The combination of MPL and Poly I:C significantly potentiated immunomodulatory responses in equine cells and showed no cytotoxic effects.
- In PBMCs, the combination led to greater mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines IFN-γ and IL-6 than MPL or Poly I:C alone.
- Similarly, the combined treatment significantly escalated mRNA expression of IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-12p40 in MoDCs.
- In BM-MSCs, the treatment combination also significantly increased the mRNA expression of IL-8, MCP-1, and VEGF compared to the application of a single TLR agonist.
Conclusion
- The study concludes that the combination of MPL and Poly I:C can potentially be used as an adjuvant, a substance that improves the body’s immune response to an antigen, in vaccines. This could assist in preventing infectious diseases in horses by stimulating and enhancing the immune system’s response.
Cite This Article
APA
Lee DH, Lee EB, Seo JP, Ko EJ.
(2023).
In vitro effects of monophosphoryl lipid A and Poly I:C combination on equine cells.
J Vet Sci, 24(3), e37.
https://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.23007 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea.
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea.
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea.
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea.
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea. eunju@jejunu.ac.kr.
MeSH Terms
- Humans
- Horses / genetics
- Animals
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear / metabolism
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
- Interleukin-6
- Interleukin-12 Subunit p40
- Interleukin-8
- Cytokines / genetics
- Cytokines / metabolism
- Interferon-gamma
- Adjuvants, Immunologic / pharmacology
- RNA, Messenger
- Poly I
Grant Funding
- Jeju National University
Conflict of Interest Statement
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
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