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In Vitro Transdifferentiation Potential of Equine Mesenchymal Stem Cells into Schwann-Like Cells.
Abstract: Schwann cells (SCs) are essential for the regenerative processes of peripheral nerve injuries. However, their use in cell therapy is limited. In this context, several studies have demonstrated the ability of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to transdifferentiate into Schwann-like cells (SLCs) using chemical protocols or co-culture with SCs. Here, we describe for the first time the in vitro transdifferentiation potential of MSCs derived from equine adipose tissue (AT) and equine bone marrow (BM) into SLCs using a practical method. In this study, the facial nerve of a horse was collected, cut into fragments, and incubated in cell culture medium for 48 h. This medium was used to transdifferentiate the MSCs into SLCs. Equine AT-MSCs and BM-MSCs were incubated with the induction medium for 5 days. After this period, the morphology, cell viability, metabolic activity, gene expression of glial markers glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), myelin basic protein (MBP), p75 and S100β, nerve growth factor (NGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), and the protein expression of S100 and GFAP were evaluated in undifferentiated and differentiated cells. The MSCs from the two sources incubated with the induction medium exhibited similar morphology to the SCs and maintained cell viability and metabolic activity. There was a significant increase in the gene expression of BDNF, GDNF, GFAP, MBP, p75, and S100β in equine AT-MSCs and GDNF, GFAP, MBP, p75, and S100β in equine BM-MSCs post-differentiation. Immunofluorescence analysis revealed GFAP expression in undifferentiated and differentiated cells, with a significant increase in the integrated pixel density in differentiated cells and S100 was only expressed in differentiated cells from both sources. These findings indicate that equine AT-MSCs and BM-MSCs have great transdifferentiation potential into SLCs using this method, and they represent a promising strategy for cell-based therapy for peripheral nerve regeneration in horses.
Publication Date: 2023-06-07 PubMed ID: 37071193PubMed Central: PMC10401561DOI: 10.1089/scd.2022.0274Google Scholar: Lookup The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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The research demonstrates the potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from horse bone marrow and adipose tissue, to transform into Schwann-like cells (SLCs), which could offer a promising therapeutic avenue for peripheral nerve repair in horses.
Study Context
- This study was founded on the crucial role that Schwann cells (SCs) play in regenerative processes following peripheral nerve injuries.
- Because SCs are in low supply, the use of MSCs, which have been seen to transdifferentiate into SLCs in previous research, became the study’s focus.
Methodology
- Firstly, for the study, the facial nerve of a horse was obtained and severed into fragments before being placed in cell culture medium for 48 hours.
- The researchers used this medium to stimulate the transformation of MSCs derived from horse adipose tissue and bone marrow into SLCs.
- The MSCs were incubated with the induction medium for five days, after which their morphology, viability, metabolic activity, and expression of specific genes and proteins were evaluated.
Results
- After incubation, the morphology of the MSCs from both sources was found to be similar to the SCs, and they maintained their cellular viability and metabolic activity.
- There was a significant upsurge in the gene expression of various glial markers, as well as nerve growth factor and other neurotrophic factors.
- Protein expression analyses revealed the presence of greater levels of certain key glial proteins in the differentiated cells. Notably, one such protein was only found in the differentiated cells.
Implications and Conclusions
- The findings from this study suggest that MSCs from horse adipose tissue and bone marrow have a high potential for transformation into SLCs.
- This new knowledge opens up promising strategic possibilities for cell-based therapies to aid peripheral nerve regeneration in horses.
Cite This Article
APA
Ferreira LVO, Kamura BDC, Oliveira JPM, Chimenes ND, Carvalho M, Santos LAD, Dias-Melicio LA, Amorim RL, Amorim RM.
(2023).
In Vitro Transdifferentiation Potential of Equine Mesenchymal Stem Cells into Schwann-Like Cells.
Stem Cells Dev, 32(13-14), 422-432.
https://doi.org/10.1089/scd.2022.0274 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Veterinary Clinics, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science; Su00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Su00e3o Paulo, Brazil.
- Translational Nucleus of Regenerative Medicine (NUTRAMERE), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science; Su00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Su00e3o Paulo, Brazil.
- Department of Veterinary Clinics, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science; Su00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Su00e3o Paulo, Brazil.
- Translational Nucleus of Regenerative Medicine (NUTRAMERE), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science; Su00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Su00e3o Paulo, Brazil.
- Department of Veterinary Clinics, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science; Su00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Su00e3o Paulo, Brazil.
- Translational Nucleus of Regenerative Medicine (NUTRAMERE), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science; Su00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Su00e3o Paulo, Brazil.
- Department of Veterinary Clinics, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science; Su00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Su00e3o Paulo, Brazil.
- Translational Nucleus of Regenerative Medicine (NUTRAMERE), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science; Su00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Su00e3o Paulo, Brazil.
- Department of Veterinary Clinics, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science; Su00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Su00e3o Paulo, Brazil.
- Confocal Microscopy Laboratory, UNIPEX-Experimental Research Unit, Medical School of Botucatu; Su00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Su00e3o Paulo, Brazil.
- Confocal Microscopy Laboratory, UNIPEX-Experimental Research Unit, Medical School of Botucatu; Su00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Su00e3o Paulo, Brazil.
- Department of Pathology, Medical School of Botucatu; Su00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Su00e3o Paulo, Brazil.
- Department of Veterinary Clinics, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science; Su00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Su00e3o Paulo, Brazil.
- Department of Veterinary Clinics, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science; Su00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Su00e3o Paulo, Brazil.
- Translational Nucleus of Regenerative Medicine (NUTRAMERE), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science; Su00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Su00e3o Paulo, Brazil.
MeSH Terms
- Horses
- Animals
- Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor
- Cell Transdifferentiation
- Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / metabolism
- Cells, Cultured
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells
- Schwann Cells
- Cell Differentiation / physiology
Conflict of Interest Statement
No competing financial interests exist.
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