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Home / Equine Research Bank / Equine Vet J / Inflammatory cytokines in horses with cervical articular pro...
Equine veterinary journal2020; 53(5); 944-954; doi: 10.1111/evj.13392

Inflammatory cytokines in horses with cervical articular process joint osteoarthritis on standing cone beam computed tomography.

Abstract: Standing cone beam computed tomography (CT) provides cross-sectional imaging of the caudal cervical articular process joints (CAPJs) in the sedated horse, though the clinical implications of osteoarthritis (OA) identified on CT in this location are unknown. Increases in concentrations of intra-synovial cytokines could lend support to the clinical significance of CAPJ OA identified on this imaging modality. Objective: Investigate the presence and concentration of intra-synovial inflammatory cytokines in CAPJs with and without standing cone beam CT evidence of OA using an equine specific multiplex assay. Methods: Prospective clinical study. Methods: Standing cone beam CT of C5-6 and C6-7 was performed on horses with CAPJ OA and control horses. Synovial fluid samples of the CAPJs of C5-6 and C6-7 were obtained bilaterally using ultrasound guidance and analysed for concentrations of IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17 and TNFα with the Milliplex® multi-analyte profiling kit. CT Images were retrospectively graded using a novel grading scheme. Significant differences between concentrations of inflammatory cytokines between joints with different categories of osteoarthritis severity were explored using a Wilcoxon rank-sum test or Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: Concentrations of intra-synovial cytokines were higher in joints with moderate to severe OA when compared to joints with no or mild OA, with differences in concentrations of IL-17 reaching statistical significance (P = .007). Conclusions: Limitations include discrepancy in number, age, and breed between control and OA populations, use of a novel grading scheme, and lack of a histologic gold-standard to confirm the presence and severity of CAPJ OA. Conclusions: Differences in inflammatory cytokines between caudal CAPJs with and without evidence of moderate to severe osteoarthritis on standing cone beam CT exist. This finding lends support to the clinical relevance of a diagnosis of moderate to severe CAPJ OA in the caudal cervical vertebral column as identified with this imaging modality.
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Publication Date: 2020-12-08 PubMed ID: 33222300DOI: 10.1111/evj.13392Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research aims to examine the presence and concentration of internal inflammation in horses with symptoms of cervical articular process joint osteoarthritis using standing cone beam computed tomography. This method allowed the researchers to measure higher amounts of inflammation in joints with higher severity osteoarthritis, suggesting correlations between joint health and inflammation levels observable through this imaging technique.

Research Objectives and Methodology

  • The main purpose of the research was to determine if increased concentrations of intra-synovial cytokines could provide evidence for the clinical importance of CAPJ OA identified through CT imaging.
  • Using a prospective clinical study, standing cone beam CT scans of C5-6 and C6-7 were performed on horses with CAPJ OA and control horses.
  • Samples of synovial fluid were taken from the joints of C5-6 and C6-7 of the subjects, using ultrasound guidance. The samples were then analyzed and their concentrations of IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, and TNFα were determined using a Milliplex® multi-analyte profiling kit.
  • The CT images were retrospectively rated using a new gradation system. This method allowed the researchers to examine the differences in concentrations of inflammatory cytokines among joints with different categories of osteoarthritis severity.

Findings and Conclusions

  • Results showed that higher concentrations of intra-synovial cytokines were present in the joints of horses with moderate to severe osteoarthritis, as compared to those with no or mild osteoarthritis. Particularly, differences in the concentration of IL-17 reached a statistically significant level (P = .007).
  • Despite the limitations of the study such as discrepancy in population parameters and lack of a histologic gold-standard, the evidence supports the clinical relevance of a prospect diagnosis of moderate to severe CAPJ OA in the caudal cervical vertebral column, as identified through standing cone beam CT imaging.

Cite This Article

APA
Brown KA, Davidson EJ, Johnson AL, Wulster KB, Ortved K. (2020). Inflammatory cytokines in horses with cervical articular process joint osteoarthritis on standing cone beam computed tomography. Equine Vet J, 53(5), 944-954. https://doi.org/10.1111/evj.13392

Publication

Equine veterinary journal
ISSN: 2042-3306
NlmUniqueID: 0173320
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 53
Issue: 5
Pages: 944-954

Researcher Affiliations

Brown, Kara A
  • Department of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, PA, USA.
Davidson, Elizabeth J
  • Department of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, PA, USA.
Johnson, Amy L
  • Department of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, PA, USA.
Wulster, Kathryn B
  • Department of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, PA, USA.
Ortved, Kyla
  • Department of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, PA, USA.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Cone-Beam Computed Tomography / veterinary
  • Cytokines
  • Horse Diseases / diagnostic imaging
  • Horses
  • Osteoarthritis / diagnostic imaging
  • Osteoarthritis / veterinary
  • Prospective Studies
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Synovial Fluid

Grant Funding

  • 580-5805-1-461975-xxx-2000-5498 / Raymond Firestone Trust and Tamworth Research Grant

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Citations

This article has been cited 4 times.
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    doi: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12495pubmed: 34651666google scholar: lookup
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