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Home / Equine Research Bank / PLoS One / Inspiratory muscle training in young, race-fit Thoroughbred ...
PloS one2020; 15(4); e0225559; doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225559

Inspiratory muscle training in young, race-fit Thoroughbred racehorses during a period of detraining.

Abstract: Although inspiratory muscle training (IMT) is reported to improve inspiratory muscle strength in humans little has been reported for horses. We tested the hypothesis that IMT would maintain and/or improve inspiratory muscle strength variables measured in Thoroughbreds during detraining. Thoroughbreds from one training yard were placed into a control (Con, n = 3 males n = 7 females; median age 2.2±0.4 years) or treatment group (Tr, n = 5 males, n = 5 females; median age 2.1±0.3 years) as they entered a detraining period at the end of the racing/training season. The Tr group underwent eight weeks of IMT twice a day, five days per week using custom-made training masks with resistance valves and an incremental threshold of breath-loading protocol. An inspiratory muscle strength test to fatigue using an incremental threshold of breath-loading was performed in duplicate before (T0) and after four (T1) and eight weeks (T2) of IMT/no IMT using a custom-made testing mask and a commercial testing device. Inspiratory measurements included the total number of breaths achieved during the test, average load, peak power, peak volume, peak flow, energy and the mean peak inspiratory muscle strength index (IMSi). Data were analysed using a linear mixed effects model, P≤0.05 significant. There were no differences for inspiratory measurements between groups at T0. Compared to T0, the total number of breaths achieved (P = 0.02), load (P = 0.003) and IMSi (P = 0.01) at T2 had decreased for the Con group while the total number of breaths achieved (P<0.001), load (P = 0.03), volume (P = 0.004), flow (P = 0.006), energy (P = 0.01) and IMSi (P = 0.002) had increased for the Tr group. At T2 the total number of breaths achieved (P<0.0001), load (P<0.0001), volume (P = 0.02), energy (P = 0.03) and IMSi (P<0.0001) were greater for the Tr than Con group. In conclusion, our results support that IMT can maintain and/or increase aspects of inspiratory muscle strength for horses in a detraining programme.
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Publication Date: 2020-04-10 PubMed ID: 32275657PubMed Central: PMC7147778DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225559Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This study investigates the impact of inspiratory muscle training (IMT) on the strength of inspiratory muscles in Thoroughbred racehorses during a period of detraining, suggesting that IMT can help in maintaining or improving the horse’s inspiratory muscle strength.

Research Methodology

  • The research involved Thoroughbred racehorses from one training yard which were divided into two groups: a control group (Con, n = 10) and a treatment group (Tr, n = 10) as they entered a detraining period at the end of the racing/training season.
  • The treatment group underwent eight weeks of IMT twice a day, five days per week, using custom-made training masks with resistance valves and an incremental threshold of breath-loading procedure.
  • Inspiratory muscle strength was tested to fatigue using a custom-made mask and a commercial testing device before and after four weeks and eight weeks of IMT.
  • Inspiratory measurements that were considered included the total number of breaths achieved during the test, average load, peak power, peak volume, peak flow, energy and the mean peak inspiratory muscle strength index (IMSi).

Research Findings

  • There were no differences in the inspiratory measurements between groups at the beginning of the study (T0).
  • However, at the end of the study (T2), the control group experienced a decrease in the total number of breaths achieved, the load, and the inspiratory muscle strength index.
  • In contrast, the treatment group that undergone IMT showed an increase in all the measured inspiratory parameters which included the total number of breaths achieved, the load, volume, flow, energy, and the IMSi.
  • At T2, all aforementioned parameters of the treatment group were significantly greater than those of the control group.

Research Conclusion

  • The study concludes that IMT can potentially maintain and even increase the strength of inspiratory muscles in Thoroughbred racehorses during a period of detraining.
  • This makes IMT a valuable intervention for maintaining the respiratory fitness of horses even out of training season.

Cite This Article

APA
Katz LM, Stallard J, Holtby A, Hill EW, Allen K, Sweeney J. (2020). Inspiratory muscle training in young, race-fit Thoroughbred racehorses during a period of detraining. PLoS One, 15(4), e0225559. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0225559

Publication

PloS one
ISSN: 1932-6203
NlmUniqueID: 101285081
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 15
Issue: 4
Pages: e0225559
PII: e0225559

Researcher Affiliations

Katz, Lisa M
  • UCD School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland.
Stallard, Jessica
  • UCD School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland.
Holtby, Amy
  • Plusvital Ltd., Dublin, Ireland.
Hill, Emmeline W
  • UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland.
Allen, Kate
  • School of Veterinary Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.
Sweeney, James
  • Department of Mathematics & Statistics, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Breathing Exercises
  • Female
  • Horses / physiology
  • Inhalation
  • Male
  • Muscle Strength
  • Physical Conditioning, Animal
  • Respiratory Muscles / physiology

Conflict of Interest Statement

EWH is a shareholder in Plusvital Ltd, an equine nutrition and genetic testing company. AH is a PhD student registered to University College Dubline (UCD) with her salary and fees paid for by Plusvital Ltd; the UCD PhD project being undertaken by AH is unrelated to the study presented in the submitted manuscript. Plusvital Ltd. has been granted a license for commercial use of data contained within patent applications: United States Provisional Serial Number 61/136553 and Irish patent application number 2008/0735, Patent Cooperation Treaty filing: A method for predicting athletic performance potential, September 7, 2009. EWH and LMK are named on these applications. The patent contents are not related to this paper. Plusvital Ltd had no part in the research in this paper, with no alteration in the authors’ adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

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