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Home / Equine Research Bank / Can Vet J / Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus associated with presumed...
The Canadian veterinary journal = La revue veterinaire canadienne2011; 52(5); 506-512;

Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus associated with presumed autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome in a mare.

Abstract: A 5-year-old Thoroughbred-cross mare was diagnosed with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Partial glycemic control and clinical improvement were achieved with daily insulin administration for 18 mo. The mare subsequently developed evidence of hypoadrenocorticism and died. Necropsy findings included lymphocytic infiltration of the pancreas, adrenal cortex, adrenal medulla, and thyroid glands, suggestive of an immune-mediated polyendocrinopathy. Une jument Thoroughbred croisée âgée de 5 ans a été diagnostiquée avec le diabète insulino-dépendant. Le contrôle glycémique partiel et l’amélioration clinique ont été obtenus avec l’administration quotidienne d’insuline pendant 18 mois. La jument a ensuite développé des signes d’hypoadrénocorticisme et est morte. Les constatations à la nécropsie incluaient l’infiltration lymphocytaire du pancréas, du cortex surrénalien, de la médullosurrénale et des glandes thyroïdiennes, ce qui suggère une poly-endocrinopathie à médiation immunitaire. (Traduit par Isabelle Vallières)
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Publication Date: 2011-11-02 PubMed ID: 22043070PubMed Central: PMC3078003
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research article examines the diagnosis and treatment of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in a 5-year old Thoroughbred-cross mare, which later developed hypoadrenocorticism and died due to immune-mediated polyendocrinopathy.

Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment

  • The study deals with the case of a 5-year-old Thoroughbred-cross mare diagnosed with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, the equine equivalent of Type 1 diabetes in humans.
  • Upon diagnosis, the mare was put under a regimen of daily insulin administration. This regimen brought about partial glycemic control and seemed to cause improvements in the mare’s clinical condition over a period of 18 months.

Progression of Illness and Subsequent Findings

  • After 18 months of daily insulin administration, the mare showed symptoms of hypoadrenocorticism, a condition where the adrenal glands do not produce enough hormones. This condition eventually led to the mare’s death.
  • Postmortem examination revealed lymphocytic infiltration of several glands, including the pancreas, adrenal cortex and medulla, and thyroid glands. These findings suggest an immune-mediated polyendocrinopathy, a condition where multiple endocrine glands are affected due to an abnormal immune response. The immune system causes inflammation and damage to these glands, leading to their impaired function.

Implications of Findings

  • The findings of this study indicate that diabetes in horses could be linked to wider autoimmune dysfunction affecting multiple endocrine glands.
  • The study’s conclusion provides new insights on the condition and can be useful in the development of more effective diagnosis and treatment methods of autoimmune diseases in horses.

Cite This Article

APA
Giri JK, Magdesian KG, Gaffney PM. (2011). Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus associated with presumed autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome in a mare. Can Vet J, 52(5), 506-512.

Publication

The Canadian veterinary journal = La revue veterinaire canadienne
ISSN: 0008-5286
NlmUniqueID: 0004653
Country: Canada
Language: English
Volume: 52
Issue: 5
Pages: 506-512

Researcher Affiliations

Giri, Jill K
  • The Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA.
Magdesian, K Gary
    Gaffney, Patricia M

      MeSH Terms

      • Animals
      • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / complications
      • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / diagnosis
      • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / drug therapy
      • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / veterinary
      • Fatal Outcome
      • Female
      • Horse Diseases / diagnosis
      • Horse Diseases / drug therapy
      • Horses
      • Polyendocrinopathies, Autoimmune / complications
      • Polyendocrinopathies, Autoimmune / diagnosis
      • Polyendocrinopathies, Autoimmune / drug therapy
      • Polyendocrinopathies, Autoimmune / veterinary

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      Citations

      This article has been cited 3 times.
      1. Doi T, Tomonari Y, Kawasako K, Yamada N, Tsuchitani M. Lymphocytic adrenal medullitis and lymphocytic thyroiditis in a laboratory beagle dog. J Vet Med Sci 2017 Feb 4;79(2):255-257.
        doi: 10.1292/jvms.16-0486pubmed: 27885217google scholar: lookup
      2. Johnson PJ, Wiedmeyer CE, LaCarrubba A, Ganjam VK, Messer NT 4th. Diabetes, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome in horses. J Diabetes Sci Technol 2012 May 1;6(3):534-40.
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      3. Menzies-Gow NJ, Knowles EJ. Sodium-glucose transport protein 2 inhibitor use in the management of insulin dysregulation in ponies and horses. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2025 Jan;48 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):31-40.
        doi: 10.1111/jvp.13470pubmed: 38984777google scholar: lookup
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