International Survey Regarding the Use of Rehabilitation Modalities in Horses.

The research investigates the variety of rehabilitation methods employed in horses across different veterinary groups and geographies, using a questionnaire addressing 38 known modalities. It found a broad spectrum of both invasive and non-invasive techniques used to address rehabilitation and performance needs. The study implies a need for further investigation into the efficient delivery and efficacy of these modalities.

Survey Details and Demographics

• The survey was distributed to eight different veterinary groups to assess which bioelectric, physical and other rehabilitation techniques they use on horses with injuries or performance issues.
• The survey received 305 complete or partial responses from over ten regions. The majority of respondents (75.4%) were from private equestrian practice or regional private equine referral hospitals.
• The geographic locations of the respondents were mainly from USA (60%), Europe (25.6%), and Canada (5.6%).
• Respondents predominantly treated athletic horses, with Warmbloods being the most common breed, followed by Thoroughbreds and Quarter Horses.

Most Commonly Used Modalities

• The most commonly employed rehabilitation modalities were controlled hand walking, therapeutic shoeing, icing, compression bandaging, platelet rich plasma therapy, therapeutic exercises, interleukin-1 receptor antagonist protein therapy, stretching and cold water hydrotherapy.
• Other frequently used modalities were heat, massage, and acupuncture therapies.
• Hyperbaric oxygen therapy, cytowave, and radiofrequency were the least utilized modalities.

Administration of Modalities

• Injectable modalities such as interleukin-1 receptor antagonist protein therapy, platelet rich plasma therapy, mesotherapy, and stem cells were exclusively administered by veterinarians.
• Other modalities were applied by a variety of individuals including veterinarians, technicians, veterinary assistants, farriers, physical therapists, trainers, and other personnel.
• It was found that one-third of respondents worked collaboratively with physical therapists in treating equine patients.

Implications for Practice

• The study illustrates the complexity and range of rehabilitation modalities applied in equine veterinary practice, informing both veterinarian selection and patient treatment options.
• The results of the survey suggest a need for more detailed research into the application, effectiveness, and potential negative effects of the various modalities.