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Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)2021; 10(5); doi: 10.3390/antibiotics10050490

Intrauterine Blood Plasma Platelet-Therapy Mitigates Persistent Breeding-Induced Endometritis, Reduces Uterine Infections, and Improves Embryo Recovery in Mares.

Abstract: Microorganisms, including pathogenic or opportunistic bacteria and fungi, may gain access to the uterus during breeding, and infectious endometritis plays a major role in equine subfertility. This study aimed to assess the post-breeding inflammatory response, endometrial culture, and embryo recovery of mares susceptible to persistent breeding-induced endometritis (PBIE) treated with plasma-rich (PRP) or -poor (PPP) plasma. Mares (n = 12) susceptible to PBIE had three cycles randomly assigned to receive intrauterine infusions of lactate ringer solution (LRS, control), or autologous PRP or PPP pre- (-48 and -24 h) and post-breeding (6 and 24 h). Mares were bred with fresh semen from one stallion. Intrauterine fluid accumulation (IUF) and endometrial neutrophils were assessed every 24 h up to 96 h post-breeding. Uterine cytokines (Ilβ, IL6, CXCL8, and IL10) were evaluated before (0 h), 6, and 24 h post-breeding, and endometrial culture three and nine days after breed. Embryo flushing was performed 8 days post-ovulation. Data were analyzed with mixed model, Tukey's post-hoc test, and multivariate regression. PRP treatment reduced endometrial neutrophils, post-breeding IUF, and pro-inflammatory cytokines when compared to control-assigned cycles, but not significantly different than PPP. Controls had a significantly higher percentage of positive bacterial cultures (33%) in comparison to PRP-assigned cycles (0%), whereas cycles treated with PPP were not significantly different from the other groups (25%). The PRP-assigned cycles had significantly greater embryo recovery rates (83%) than the control (33%), though not significantly different than PPP (60%). Plasma infusion reduced the duration and intensity of the post-breeding inflammatory response and improved embryo recovery in mares susceptible to PBIE. Platelets incrementally downregulate PBIE and appear to have a dose-dependent antimicrobial property.
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Publication Date: 2021-04-23 PubMed ID: 33922743PubMed Central: PMC8146422DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10050490Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research investigates how intrauterine infusions of plasma-rich or plasma-poor blood can help heal persistent breeding-induced endometritis, reduce uterine infections, and improve embryo recovery in mares. The study found that plasma-rich treatment was especially successful at reducing inflammation and increasing embryo recovery.

Objective of the Study

  • The research was designed to assess the inflammatory response, endometrial culture, and embryo recovery in mares susceptible to persistent breeding-induced endometritis (PBIE). The idea was to treat the condition using infusions rich (PRP) or poor (PPP) in plasma.

Methodology

  • Toward this, 12 mares prone to PBIE were selected for the study. The treatment administered was randomly chosen. The options included lactate ringer solution (LRS, meant as control), and autologous PRP or PPP. The infusions were given pre- and post-breeding.
  • The mares were bred with fresh semen from one stallion. Intrauterine fluid accumulation (IUF) and endometrial neutrophils were checked every 24 hours up until 96 hours post-breeding, while uterine cytokines were evaluated before and after breeding, and endometrial culture was checked three and nine days after breeding.
  • The embryo flushing was performed 8 days post-ovulation and the data was then analyzed using a mixed model, Tukey’s post-hoc test, and multivariate regression.

Key Findings

  • PRP treatment reduced endometrial neutrophils, IUF, and pro-inflammatory cytokines when compared to the control group. This reduction was not statistically significant when compared to PPP treatment.
  • The PRP-assigned cycles showed no positive bacterial cultures, indicating a reduced number of uterine infections, compared to a significant 33% in the control group. The cycles treated with PPP showed 25% bacteriological cultures.
  • Significantly better embryo recovery rates (83%) were observed in the PRP group when compared to the control group (33%). The rate was not markedly different than the PPP group (60%).

Conclusions

  • The study concluded that plasma infusion led to a reduced of post-breeding inflammatory response and improved embryo recovery in mares susceptible to PBIE, especially in those treated with PRP.
  • It was inferred that platelets can incrementally reduce PBIE, as they appear to have a dose-dependent antimicrobial property.

Cite This Article

APA
Segabinazzi LGTM, Canisso IF, Podico G, Cunha LL, Novello G, Rosser MF, Loux SC, Lima FS, Alvarenga MA. (2021). Intrauterine Blood Plasma Platelet-Therapy Mitigates Persistent Breeding-Induced Endometritis, Reduces Uterine Infections, and Improves Embryo Recovery in Mares. Antibiotics (Basel), 10(5). https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10050490

Publication

Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)
ISSN: 2079-6382
NlmUniqueID: 101637404
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 10
Issue: 5

Researcher Affiliations

Segabinazzi, Lorenzo G T M
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, 1008 W Hazelwood Drive, Urbana, IL 61802, USA.
  • Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Sao Paulo 18618681, Brazil.
  • Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Basseterre PO Box 334, St. Kitts, West Indies.
Canisso, Igor F
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, 1008 W Hazelwood Drive, Urbana, IL 61802, USA.
Podico, Giorgia
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, 1008 W Hazelwood Drive, Urbana, IL 61802, USA.
Cunha, Lais L
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, 1008 W Hazelwood Drive, Urbana, IL 61802, USA.
Novello, Guilherme
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, 1008 W Hazelwood Drive, Urbana, IL 61802, USA.
  • Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Sao Paulo 18618681, Brazil.
Rosser, Michael F
  • Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL 61802, USA.
Loux, Shavahn C
  • Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40503, USA.
Lima, Fabio S
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, 1008 W Hazelwood Drive, Urbana, IL 61802, USA.
  • Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
Alvarenga, Marco A
  • Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Sao Paulo 18618681, Brazil.

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

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Citations

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