Investigation of the vertical hoof force distribution in the equine forelimb with an instrumented horseboot.

The study explores how the vertical force is distributed across a horse’s hoof during locomotion, with the help of an instrumented boot. The findings showed unequal distribution of the vertical force, leading to higher mechanical load especially in the heel area of the foot after impact, suggesting its crucial role in absorbing shock and carrying body weight.

Research Aim and Methodology

• The study focused on gaining a better understanding of the biomechanics involved in specific areas of equine orthopaedics. Understanding the distribution of vertical hoof force in a horse’s forelimb using a measuring boot was the primary objective.
• 20 physically fit horses were studied while they walked and trotted on a straight, hard track. The selection of physically sound horses ensured that the results weren’t skewed by pre-existing conditions or injuries.
• For the purpose of achieving precise measurements, a force measuring horseshoe was attached to the horse’s foot using the boot. This setup allowed researchers to record continuous vertical forces at four different locations on the hoof.

Data Analysis and Findings

• Data from the force measuring boot was captured and processed by a computer program, which produced curve graphs and helped in the calculation of different gait and force parameters.
• The analysis showed that the position of the resultant force shifted cranially (towards the head) during the stance phase of the horse’s stride.
• A striking finding was the unequal distribution of the vertical force on the horse’s hoof surface. The posterior part, especially, received a greater portion of mechanical loading after the horse’s foot impact on the ground.

Conclusions and Future Work

• The study’s findings suggested that the heels and quarters of the hoof apparently play an important role in dampening concussion and supporting the horse’s body weight.
• However, the research also recognised that more exploration is needed to establish the connections between these two functions and the commonly observed pathology in the caudal region of the horse’s foot.
• Future research, thus, could potentially lead to better practices in equine orthopaedics, therapeutics, and farriery, and could also assist in selecting athletic horses.