Investigation of Three Newly Identified Equine Parvoviruses in Blood and Nasal Fluid Samples of Clinically Healthy Horses and Horses with Acute Onset of Respiratory Disease.
Abstract: Three newly identified equine parvoviruses (equine parvovirus hepatitis (EqPV-H), equine parvovirus CSF (EqPV-CSF) and equine copivirus (Eqcopivirus)) have recently been discovered in horses with respiratory signs. However, the clinical impact of these three equine parvoviruses has yet to be determined. Nasal fluid samples and blood from 667 equids with acute onset of fever and respiratory signs submitted to a diagnostic laboratory were analyzed for the presence of common equine respiratory pathogens (equine influenza virus, equine herpesvirus-1/-4, equine rhinitis A and B virus, subspecies ) as well as EqPV-H, EqPV-CSF and Eqcopivirus by qPCR. An additional 87 clinically healthy horses served as controls. One hundred and seventeen sick horses tested qPCR-positive for at least one of the three parvoviruses. Co-infections with common respiratory pathogens and parvoviruses were seen in 39 sick equids. All 87 clinically healthy horses tested qPCR-negative for all tested common respiratory pathogens and 10 healthy horses tested qPCR-positive for one of the equine parvoviruses. When the frequency of detection for EqPV-H, EqPV-CSF and Eqcopivirus of equids with respiratory signs was compared to that of clinically healthy horses, the difference was not statistically significant ( > 0.05), suggesting that the three recently identified equine parvoviruses do not contribute to the clinical picture of equids with respiratory disease.
Publication Date: 2021-10-19 PubMed ID: 34680025PubMed Central: PMC8532786DOI: 10.3390/ani11103006Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
Summary
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This is a study on the potential impacts of three recently discovered equine parvoviruses on horses with respiratory diseases versus healthy horses. The study showed that these viruses do not significantly contribute to the clinical picture of horses suffering from respiratory diseases.
Introduction to the Research
The research was conducted to investigate the clinical impact of three newly discovered equine parvoviruses:
- Equine parvovirus hepatitis (EqPV-H)
- Equine parvovirus CSF (EqPV-CSF)
- Equine copivirus (Eqcopivirus)
These viruses were recently identified in horses displaying respiratory symptoms. However, they were yet to be studied for their potential impact on horses with clinical signs of respiratory disease.
Methodology of the Research
- The samples were collected from 667 horses showing acute onset of fever and respiratory signs, and these were analyzed for the presence of common equine respiratory pathogens and the newly identified parvoviruses using qPCR (a type of diagnostic test).
- Additionally, 87 clinically healthy horses were used as control subjects for the study.
Findings of the Research
- Results showed that 117 sick horses tested positive for at least one of the parvoviruses.
- Co-infections of the parvoviruses along with common respiratory pathogens were found in 39 sick horses.
- All 87 healthy horses tested negative for all common tested respiratory pathogens, with 10 of them testing positive for one of the equine parvoviruses.
Conclusion of the Research
- Upon comparing the frequency detection rates of the new parvoviruses in sick horses to that in healthy horses, researchers found no significant difference. This suggests that the three recently discovered equine parvoviruses may not contribute significantly to the clinical picture of horses with respiratory diseases.
This study could provide important insight into the effects of these newly identified viruses on horses and help shape future research and treatment strategies.
Cite This Article
APA
Pusterla N, James K, Barnum S, Delwart E.
(2021).
Investigation of Three Newly Identified Equine Parvoviruses in Blood and Nasal Fluid Samples of Clinically Healthy Horses and Horses with Acute Onset of Respiratory Disease.
Animals (Basel), 11(10), 3006.
https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11103006 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
- Vitalant Research Institute, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA.
Grant Funding
- 20-17 / Boehringer Ingelheim Animal Health and Center for Equine Health
Conflict of Interest Statement
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
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Citations
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