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Home / Equine Research Bank / PLoS Negl Trop Dis / IRES-Containing VEEV Vaccine Protects Cynomolgus Macaques fr...
PLoS neglected tropical diseases2015; 9(5); e0003797; doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003797

IRES-Containing VEEV Vaccine Protects Cynomolgus Macaques from IE Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus Aerosol Challenge.

Abstract: Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) is an arbovirus endemic to the Americas that is responsible for severe, sometimes fatal, disease in humans and horses. We previously described an IRES-based VEE vaccine candidate based up the IE serotype that offers complete protection against a lethal subtype IE VEEV challenge in mice. Here we demonstrate the IRES-based vaccine's ability to protect against febrile disease in cynomolgus macaques. Vaccination was well tolerated and elicited robust neutralizing antibody titers noticed as early as day 14. Moreover, complete protection from disease characterized by absence of viremia and characteristic fever following aerosolized IE VEEV challenge was observed in all vaccinees compared to control animals, which developed clinical disease. Together, these results highlight the safety and efficacy of IRES-based VEEV vaccine to protect against an endemic, pathogenic VEEV IE serotype.
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Publication Date: 2015-05-28 PubMed ID: 26020513PubMed Central: PMC4447396DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003797Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article
  • Research Support
  • N.I.H.
  • Extramural

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The researchers have confirmed the effectiveness of an IRES-based vaccine in protecting Cynomolgus monkeys against Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus, a virus responsible for severe disease in humans and horses.

Research Objective

  • This research was aimed at testing the effectiveness of an IRES-based Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) vaccine. The study was conducted using cynomolgus macaques, a type of monkey, to examine if the vaccine can offer protection against febrile disease.

Methodology

  • The vaccine administered was based on the IE serotype of the VEEV. The development of neutralizing antibodies was observed as early as 14 days after vaccination. The measure of safety and effectiveness was the absence of viremia and characteristic fever post the aerosolized IE VEEV challenge.

Key Findings

  • The vaccine was well tolerated in the monkeys and resulted in the development of robust neutralizing antibody titers. This indicates the vaccine’s potential in stimulating the immune response.
  • The vaccinated group showed complete protection from the disease. No signs of viremia or the characteristic fever related to the IE VEEV were observed. On the contrary, the control group which didn’t receive the vaccine, developed the disease.
  • The vaccine based on the IE serotype was capable of offering complete protection against the lethal subtype IE VEEV.

Conclusion

  • The research demonstrated that the IRES-based VEEV vaccine is safe and effective in protecting against the endemic, pathogenic VEEV IE serotype. This verifies the potential utilisation of the IE serotype-based VEEV vaccine in preventing disease in susceptible populations.

Cite This Article

APA
Rossi SL, Russell-Lodrigue KE, Killeen SZ, Wang E, Leal G, Bergren NA, Vinet-Oliphant H, Weaver SC, Roy CJ. (2015). IRES-Containing VEEV Vaccine Protects Cynomolgus Macaques from IE Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus Aerosol Challenge. PLoS Negl Trop Dis, 9(5), e0003797. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003797

Publication

PLoS neglected tropical diseases
ISSN: 1935-2735
NlmUniqueID: 101291488
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 9
Issue: 5
Pages: e0003797
PII: e0003797

Researcher Affiliations

Rossi, Shannan L
  • Institute of Human Infection and Immunity, Sealy Center for Vaccine Development and Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America.
Russell-Lodrigue, Kasi E
  • Divisions of Veterinary Medicine and Microbiology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana, United States of America.
Killeen, Stephanie Z
  • Divisions of Veterinary Medicine and Microbiology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana, United States of America.
Wang, Eryu
  • Institute of Human Infection and Immunity, Sealy Center for Vaccine Development and Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America.
Leal, Grace
  • Institute of Human Infection and Immunity, Sealy Center for Vaccine Development and Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America.
Bergren, Nicholas A
  • Institute of Human Infection and Immunity, Sealy Center for Vaccine Development and Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America.
Vinet-Oliphant, Heather
  • Divisions of Veterinary Medicine and Microbiology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana, United States of America.
Weaver, Scott C
  • Institute of Human Infection and Immunity, Sealy Center for Vaccine Development and Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America.
Roy, Chad J
  • Divisions of Veterinary Medicine and Microbiology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana, United States of America; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America.

MeSH Terms

  • Aerosols
  • Animals
  • Antibodies, Neutralizing / blood
  • Antibodies, Viral / blood
  • Chlorocebus aethiops
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Encephalitis Virus, Venezuelan Equine / immunology
  • Encephalomyelitis, Venezuelan Equine / immunology
  • Encephalomyelitis, Venezuelan Equine / prevention & control
  • Female
  • Horse Diseases / immunology
  • Horse Diseases / prevention & control
  • Horses
  • Humans
  • Internal Ribosome Entry Sites / immunology
  • Macaca fascicularis
  • Male
  • Protective Agents
  • Random Allocation
  • Vaccination
  • Vaccines, Attenuated / immunology
  • Vero Cells
  • Viral Vaccines / immunology
  • Viremia

Grant Funding

  • U54 AI057156 / NIAID NIH HHS
  • T32 AI007536 / NIAID NIH HHS
  • P51 OD011104 / NIH HHS
  • OD-011104-51 / NIH HHS
  • T32 AI060549 / NIAID NIH HHS

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

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