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Mechanisms for dominant follicle selection in monovulatory species: a comparison of morphological, endocrine and intraovarian events in cows, mares and women.
Abstract: The selection of a single ovarian follicle for further differentiation and finally ovulation is a shared phenomenon in monovulatory species from different phylogenetic classes. The commonality of dominant follicle (DF) development leads us to hypothesize that mechanisms for DF selection are conserved. This review highlights similarities and differences in follicular wave growth between cows, mares and women, addresses the commonality of the transient rises in FSH concentrations, and discusses the follicular secretions oestradiol and inhibin with their regulatory roles for FSH. In all three species, rising FSH concentrations induce the emergence of a follicle wave and cohort attrition occurs during declining FSH concentrations, culminating in DF selection. Cohort secretions are initially responsible for declining FSH, which is subsequently suppressed by the selected DF lowering it below the threshold of FSH requirements of all other cohort follicles. The DF acquires relative FSH-independence in order to continue growth and differentiation during low (cow, mare) or further declining FSH concentrations (women), and thus may be the one cohort follicle with the lowest FSH requirement due to enhanced FSH signalling. In all three monovulatory species a transition from FSH- to LH-dependence is postulated as the mechanism for the continued development of the selected DF. In addition, FSH and IGF enhance each other's ability to stimulate follicle cell function and access of IGF-I and -II to the type 1 receptor is regulated by IGF binding proteins that are in turn regulated by specific proteases; all of which have been ascribed a role in DF development. No fundamental differences in DF selection mechanisms have been identified between the different species studied. Thus functional studies of the selection of DFs in cattle and mares are also valuable for identifying genes and pathways regulating DF development in women.
Publication Date: 2008-07-25 PubMed ID: 18638104DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2008.01142.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
- Review
Summary
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The research investigates how a single ovarian follicle is selected for growth and eventual ovulation in monovulatory species. It compares the mechanisms of this process across different species, namely cows, mares and humans, underlining the similarities and unique factors in these species.
Understanding Follicular Wave Growth
- The research presents a comparison of follicular wave growth in three monovulatory species – cows, mares and women.
- It reviews the commonities and differences in how a dominant follicle (DF) develops in these species, suggesting that the mechanisms for the selection of the DF are largely conserved across different species.
- The follicular wave refers to the growth, development and eventual selection of a single ovarian follicle for further differentiation and ovulation.
Role of FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone)
- In all three species, a rise in Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) concentrations triggers the growth of a follicle wave, and a decrease in FSH levels results in the selection of the dominant follicle (DF).
- Initially, the cohort secretions cause the FSH levels to decline. This decrease in FSH is later perpetuated by the selected DF, which reduces FSH levels below the threshold needed for other cohort follicles.
- The selected DF is able to continue growing and differentiating despite low or decreasing FSH levels, indicating a degree of FSH-independence. This is attributed to possible enhanced FSH signalling in the DF.
Transition From FSH to LH (Luteinizing Hormone) Dependence
- The research suggests that in all three species, the continued development of the DF post-selection may involve a transition from FSH to Luteinizing Hormone (LH) dependence.
- This indicates a shift in the hormonal dependence of the follicle during its development process.
Role of IGF (Insulin-like Growth Factors) And Associated Proteins
- The Insulin-like Growth Factors (IGF) I and II, along with specific proteases and IGF binding proteins that regulate access to the type 1 receptor, have been suggested to play a role in the development of the DF.
- This highlights how FSH and IGF can jointly stimulate follicle cell function.
Implication of Findings
- No significant differences were found in the mechanisms of DF selection across the three species studied.
- Functional studies of this process in cows and mares could therefore provide insights into the genes and pathways that regulate DF development in women.
Cite This Article
APA
Mihm M, Evans AC.
(2008).
Mechanisms for dominant follicle selection in monovulatory species: a comparison of morphological, endocrine and intraovarian events in cows, mares and women.
Reprod Domest Anim, 43 Suppl 2, 48-56.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0531.2008.01142.x Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Division of Cell Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK. m.mihm@vet.gla.ac.uk
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Cattle / physiology
- Estradiol / metabolism
- Female
- Follicle Stimulating Hormone / blood
- Follicle Stimulating Hormone / physiology
- Hormones / blood
- Hormones / physiology
- Horses / physiology
- Humans
- Inhibins / metabolism
- Ovarian Follicle / anatomy & histology
- Ovarian Follicle / metabolism
- Ovarian Follicle / physiology
- Somatomedins / metabolism
- Somatomedins / physiology
- Species Specificity
Citations
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