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Equine veterinary journal2020; 52(5); 654-663; doi: 10.1111/evj.13233

Mesenchymal stem cells for treatment of musculoskeletal disease in horses: Relative merits of allogeneic versus autologous stem cells.

Abstract: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are widely used for treatment of musculoskeletal diseases in horses, but there is ongoing debate regarding the relative safety and efficacy of allogeneic MSCs, compared with autologous equine MSCs. This review summarises the currently available published data regarding the therapeutic use of autologous and allogeneic MSCs in horses. Arguments that have been advanced against the use of allogeneic MSCs include higher risk of immunological reactions and shorter cell survival times following injection. Arguments favouring the use of allogeneic MSCs include the ability to bank cells and reduce the time to treatment, to collect MSCs from younger donor animals and the ability to manipulate banked cells prior to administration. In vitro studies and a limited set of experimental in vivo studies have indicated that adverse immunological reactions may occur when allogeneic MSCs are administered to horses. However, newer studies lack evidence of inflammatory reactions or adverse clinical responses when allogeneic MSCs are administered and compared with autologous MSCs. Thus, while the relative merits of allogeneic vs autologous MSCs for treatment of musculoskeletal injuries in horses have not been fully established, accumulating evidence from studies in horses suggests that allogeneic MSCs maybe a safe alternative to autologous MSCs. Large, properly designed, randomised trials in addition to careful immunological evaluation of short-term and long-term, local and systemic immune responses are needed to more fully resolve the issue.
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Publication Date: 2020-02-19 PubMed ID: 31971273DOI: 10.1111/evj.13233Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article discusses a comparative analysis of different types of Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) used in treatment of musculoskeletal diseases in horses. The focus is on the pros and cons of allogeneic MSCs against autologous MSCs, along with the requirement for further studies to provide robust evidence.

Introduction to Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) in Veterinary Medicine

  • Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are extensively used in addressing musculoskeletal diseases in horses.
  • There’s ongoing debate over the relative safety and efficacy of two categories of MSCs: allogeneic (originating from a donor of the same species) and autologous (originating from the patient itself).
  • This review aggregates and summarizes existing published data concerning both autologous and allogeneic MSCs’ therapeutic utilization in horses.

Arguments Against and In Favor of Allogeneic MSCs

  • Critics of allogeneic MSCs cite an increased risk of immunological reactions and shorter cell survival times post administration.
  • Supporters foreground the capacity to store cells, thus reducing the time to treatment, the option to gather MSCs from younger donor animals, and the potential to manipulate stored cells prior to administration.

Analysis of In Vivo and In Vitro Studies with Allogeneic MSCs

  • Existing in vitro studies, along with a small selection of experimental in vivo studies, denote that adverse immunological responses might occur when allogeneic MSCs are administered to horses.
  • However, recent studies present no evidence of inflammatory responses or adverse clinical outcomes when allogeneic MSCs are used and compared to autologous MSCs.

Calls for Further Investigation

  • While the relative advantages of allogeneic versus autologous MSCs for treating musculoskeletal injuries in horses are yet to be definitively established, growing evidence suggests that allogeneic MSCs could be a safe alternative to autologous MSCs.
  • There is a need for large, well-established, randomized trials in addition to thorough immunological evaluations of short-term and long-term, local and systemic immune responses to arrive at a conclusive decision on this issue.

Cite This Article

APA
Colbath AC, Dow SW, McIlwraith CW, Goodrich LR. (2020). Mesenchymal stem cells for treatment of musculoskeletal disease in horses: Relative merits of allogeneic versus autologous stem cells. Equine Vet J, 52(5), 654-663. https://doi.org/10.1111/evj.13233

Publication

Equine veterinary journal
ISSN: 2042-3306
NlmUniqueID: 0173320
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 52
Issue: 5
Pages: 654-663

Researcher Affiliations

Colbath, Aimée C
  • Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Michigan State University College of Veterinary Medicine, East Lansing, MI, USA.
Dow, Steven W
  • C. Wayne McIlwraith Translational Medicine Institute, Colorado State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
  • Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
McIlwraith, C Wayne
  • C. Wayne McIlwraith Translational Medicine Institute, Colorado State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
Goodrich, Laurie R
  • C. Wayne McIlwraith Translational Medicine Institute, Colorado State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
  • Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Fort Collins, CO, USA.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / veterinary
  • Horse Diseases
  • Horses
  • Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation / veterinary
  • Mesenchymal Stem Cells
  • Musculoskeletal Diseases / veterinary
  • Transplantation, Homologous / veterinary

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