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PeerJ2021; 9; e10764; doi: 10.7717/peerj.10764

Metabolic impact of weight variations in Icelandic horses.

Abstract: Insulin dysregulation (ID) is an equine endocrine disorder, which is often accompanied by obesity and various metabolic perturbations. The relationship between weight variations and fluctuations of the insulin response to oral glucose tests (OGT) as well as the metabolic impact of ID have been described previously. The present study seeks to characterize the concomitant metabolic impact of variations in the insulin response and bodyweight during repeated OGTs using a metabolomics approach. Methods: Nineteen Icelandic horses were subjected to five OGTs over one year and their bodyweight, insulin and metabolic response were monitored. Analysis of metabolite concentrations depending on time (during the OGT), relative bodyweight (rWeight; defined as the bodyweight at one OGT divided by the mean bodyweight across all OGTs) and relative insulin response (rAUCins; defined accordingly from the area under the insulin curve during OGT) was performed using linear models. Additionally, the pathways significantly associated with time, rWeight and rAUCins were identified by rotation set testing. Results: The results suggested that weight gain and worsening of ID activate distinct metabolic pathways. The metabolic profile associated with weight gain indicated an increased activation of arginase, while the pathways associated with time and rAUCins were consistent with the expected effect of glucose and insulin, respectively. Overall, more metabolites were significantly associated with rWeight than with rAUCins.
©2021 Delarocque et al.
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Publication Date: 2021-01-28 PubMed ID: 33575132PubMed Central: PMC7847705DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10764Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This study examines the relationship between weight changes and metabolic impacts in Icelandic horses, particularly those suffering from insulin dysregulation (ID), an endocrine disorder commonly linked with obesity. Through oral glucose tests (OGT), the research characterizes how variations in weight and insulin response influence metabolic patterns.

Study Design

  • The research was conducted on nineteen Icelandic horses over a period of one year.
  • Known for their susceptibility to metabolism related diseases, these horses were subjected to five Oral Glucose Tests (OGTs), which are used to examine how the body responds to sugar.
  • The researchers tracked their bodyweight and monitored their insulin and metabolic responses.
  • The meticulous statistical analysis relied on linear models to examine the relationship between metabolite concentrations, time during the OGT, relative body weight, and relative insulin response.

Key Findings

  • The results of the study suggest that both weight gain and worsening ID stimulate different metabolic pathways.
  • The metabolic profiles detected in weight gain suggest increased activation of arginase, an enzyme that plays a key role in the urea cycle for detoxifying and removing ammonia from the body.
  • The pathways related to time and relative insulin response were found to align with the expected effects of glucose and insulin.
  • Importantly, the study found that more metabolites were significantly associated with adjustments in body weight than with changes in insulin response.

Conclusions

  • The study concludes that variations in weight and insulin response lead to distinct metabolic impacts in Icelandic horses.
  • This novel insight is crucial in understanding the metabolic consequences associated with variations in body weight and insulin response, providing a foundation for expanded research on ID and the metabolic welfare of horses.

Cite This Article

APA
Delarocque J, Frers F, Huber K, Jung K, Feige K, Warnken T. (2021). Metabolic impact of weight variations in Icelandic horses. PeerJ, 9, e10764. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.10764

Publication

PeerJ
ISSN: 2167-8359
NlmUniqueID: 101603425
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 9
Pages: e10764

Researcher Affiliations

Delarocque, Julien
  • Clinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany.
Frers, Florian
  • Clinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany.
Huber, Korinna
  • Institute of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Universität Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany.
Jung, Klaus
  • Institute for Animal Breeding and Genetics, Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Germany.
Feige, Karsten
  • Clinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany.
Warnken, Tobias
  • Clinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany.

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare there are no competing interests.

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Citations

This article has been cited 2 times.
  1. Warnken T, Schaub C, Delarocque J, Frers F, Feige K, Sonntag J, Reiche DB. Palatability, glycemic, and insulinemic responses to various carbohydrate formulations: Alternatives for the diagnosis of insulin dysregulation in horses?. J Vet Intern Med 2023 Jan;37(1):282-291.
    doi: 10.1111/jvim.16614pubmed: 36625459google scholar: lookup
  2. Leung YH, Kenéz Á, Grob AJ, Feige K, Warnken T. Associations of plasma sphingolipid profiles with insulin response during oral glucose testing in Icelandic horses. J Vet Intern Med 2021 Jul;35(4):2009-2018.
    doi: 10.1111/jvim.16200pubmed: 34105193google scholar: lookup
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