Molecular characterization of potentially zoonotic isolates of Giardia duodenalis in horses.
Abstract: Giardia isolates from eight horses from New York State (NY), USA and two horses from Western Australia (WA) were genetically characterized at the SSU-rDNA and triose-phosphate isomerase (TPI) genes. Phylogenetic analysis of the TPI gene provided strong support for the placement of both isolates of Giardia from horses in WA and a single isolate from a horse in NY within the assemblage AI genotype of G. duodenalis. Another two isolates from horses in NY placed within the assemblage AII genotype of G. duodenalis. Phylogenetic analysis of the TPI gene also provided strong bootstrap support for the placement of four G. duodenalis isolates from horses in NY into a potentially host-specific sub-assemblage of assemblage BIV. The results of this study are consistent with previous studies showing that assemblages AI and AII of G. duodenalis provide the greatest potential zoonotic risk to humans. Horses may therefore constitute a potential source for human infection of Giardia either directly or via watersheds.
Publication Date: 2005-04-26 PubMed ID: 15925726DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2005.02.011Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
Summary
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This research focuses on the genetic characterization of Giardia, a parasite, found in horses from New York State (USA) and Western Australia, exploring the potential risk these parasites pose to humans through zoonotic transmission.
Objective and Methodology
- The objective of the research was to analyze Giardia isolates from horses in New York State (USA) and Western Australia and determine their genetic characteristics to understand potential risks of zoonotic diseases – diseases which can be transferred from animals to humans.
- The research genetically characterized these isolates at two genes, the SSU-rDNA and the triose-phosphate isomerase (TPI) genes.
Findings and Analysis
- Phylogenetic analysis, which maps the evolutionary relationship and genetic diversity among species, was conducted for the TPI gene.
- It was found that both isolates of Giardia from the horses in Western Australia and a single isolate from a horse in New York State belong to the assemblage AI genotype of G. duodenalis.
- Further, two isolates from New York were found to belong to the assemblage AII genotype of G. duodenalis.
- Other four G. duodenalis isolates from New York were placed in a potentially host-specific sub-assemblage of assemblage BIV.
Implications
- Based on the results, it was affirmed that the assemblages AI and AII of G. duodenalis pose the greatest potential zoonotic risk, supporting prior studies’ findings.
- This research suggests that horses could be a potential source for human Giardia infections, either directly or indirectly through watersheds.
This study thereby stresses the importance of adequate disease control measures in the management and interaction with horses, and the need for further research into the transmission mechanisms of Giardia between animals and humans.
Cite This Article
APA
Traub R, Wade S, Read C, Thompson A, Mohammed H.
(2005).
Molecular characterization of potentially zoonotic isolates of Giardia duodenalis in horses.
Vet Parasitol, 130(3-4), 317-321.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2005.02.011 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for the Molecular Epidemiology of Parasitic Infections, School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Murdoch University, South Street, WA 6150, Australia. r.traub@murdoch.edu.au
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Genotype
- Giardia / classification
- Giardia / genetics
- Giardiasis / parasitology
- Giardiasis / transmission
- Giardiasis / veterinary
- Horse Diseases / parasitology
- Horses
- New York
- Phylogeny
- Western Australia
- Zoonoses / parasitology
Citations
This article has been cited 8 times.- Kuthyar S, Kowalewski MM, Seabolt M, Roellig DM, Gillespie TR. Molecular characterization of Giardia duodenalis and evidence for cross-species transmission in Northern Argentina.. Transbound Emerg Dis 2022 Jul;69(4):2209-2218.
- Xiao L, Feng Y. Molecular epidemiologic tools for waterborne pathogens Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis.. Food Waterborne Parasitol 2017 Sep-Dec;8-9:14-32.
- Qi M, Ji X, Zhang Y, Wei Z, Jing B, Zhang L, Lin X, Karim MR, Wang H, Sun M. Prevalence and multilocus analysis of Giardia duodenalis in racehorses in China.. Parasitol Res 2020 Feb;119(2):483-490.
- Deng L, Li W, Zhong Z, Liu X, Chai Y, Luo X, Song Y, Wang W, Gong C, Huang X, Hu Y, Fu H, He M, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Wu K, Cao S, Peng G. Prevalence and molecular characterization of Giardia intestinalis in racehorses from the Sichuan province of southwestern China.. PLoS One 2017;12(12):e0189728.
- Zhang W, Shen Y, Wang R, Liu A, Ling H, Li Y, Cao J, Zhang X, Shu J, Zhang L. Cryptosporidium cuniculus and Giardia duodenalis in rabbits: genetic diversity and possible zoonotic transmission.. PLoS One 2012;7(2):e31262.
- Liu A, Ji H, Wang E, Liu J, Xiao L, Shen Y, Li Y, Zhang W, Ling H. Molecular identification and distribution of Cryptosporidium and Giardia duodenalis in raw urban wastewater in Harbin, China.. Parasitol Res 2011 Sep;109(3):913-8.
- Feng Y, Xiao L. Zoonotic potential and molecular epidemiology of Giardia species and giardiasis.. Clin Microbiol Rev 2011 Jan;24(1):110-40.
- Ajjampur SS, Sankaran P, Kannan A, Sathyakumar K, Sarkar R, Gladstone BP, Kang G. Giardia duodenalis assemblages associated with diarrhea in children in South India identified by PCR-RFLP.. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2009 Jan;80(1):16-9.
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