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Acta parasitologica2023; 68(3); 604-611; doi: 10.1007/s11686-023-00696-9

Molecular Detection of Animal Trypanosomes in Different Animal Species in the Visayas Region of the Philippines.

Abstract: Animal trypanosomosis is one of the most important parasitic diseases significantly affecting the Philippine economy. It is considered by the government to be the second most important disease of livestock after fasciolosis. A PCR-based molecular survey for trypanosomes in different animals in Bohol, Philippines, was performed to assess the prevalence of trypanosomosis in the area during the rainy and dry season. Methods: A total of 269 blood samples were collected in two batches in rainy and dry season from different animal species in Ubay Stock Farm in Ubay, Bohol, the Philippines, including 151 samples from water buffaloes, 76 samples from cattle, 35 samples from goats, and 7 samples from horses. DNA was subsequently extracted from these blood samples, and two different PCR assays were employed to detect and identify trypanosomes DNA including ITS1 PCR and CatL PCR. Results: Animal trypanosomes, Trypanosoma evansi and Trypanosoma theileri, were detected in water buffalo (37.7%) [95%CI: 30.4 - 45.7], cattle (44.7%) [95%CI: 34.1 - 55.9], and goats (34.3%) [95%CI: 20.8 - 50.8]. Only T. evansi was detected in horses (28.6%) [95% CI: 8.2 - 64.1]. No clinical signs were observed in all positive animals. Conclusions: This highlights the importance of domestic animals that can be infected with no signs but may act as reservoir animals and transmit trypanosomosis to susceptible animals. This study supports the importance of regular surveillance to estimate the prevalence of the disease, emphasizing its various dynamics in the affected areas and supporting efficient intervention measures.
© 2023. The Author(s) under exclusive licence to Witold Stefański Institute of Parasitology, Polish Academy of Sciences.
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Publication Date: 2023-06-27 PubMed ID: 37368129PubMed Central: 6357473DOI: 10.1007/s11686-023-00696-9Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research conducted a survey based on PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) testing in different animals to measure the prevalence of a parasitic disease known as animal trypanosomiasis in Bohol, Philippines. The findings reveal the presence of animal trypanosomes, particularly in water buffaloes, cattle, and goats, which bear no observable clinical signs but may transmit the parasitic disease to other animals that are susceptible to it.

Introduction

  • The research presents a study on animal trypanosomosis, a significant parasitic disease impacting the economy of the Philippines, particularly in its livestock sector.
  • The disease is considered the second most crucial livestock disease in the region after fasciolosis.

Methods

  • The research used a PCR-based (Polymerase Chain Reaction) molecular survey to investigate the presence of trypanosomes in different animals during both rainy and dry seasons in the Bohol region, Philippines.
  • The scientists collected 269 blood samples from various species at the Ubay Stock Farm in Ubay, Bohol. The blood samples included 151 samples from water buffaloes, 76 from cattle, 35 from goats, and 7 from horses.
  • The DNA was extracted from these samples, and two different PCR tests, ITS1 PCR and CatL PCR, were applied to recognize and detect trypanosomes DNA.

Results

  • The findings report the detection of Trypanosoma evansi and Trypanosoma theileri, both species of animal trypanosomes, in a high percentage of tested samples from water buffaloes, cattle, and goats.
  • Only T. evansi was found in tested horse samples, also a considerable percentage.
  • All animals that tested positive exhibited no visible clinical signs of the disease despite their infection.

Conclusions

  • The study sheds light on the importance of monitoring domestic animals that can carry and transmit trypanosomosis despite showing no clinical signs of the disease.
  • Regular surveillance is necessary to determine the prevalence of the disease and understand its dynamics accurately, which will subsequently allow for effective intervention measures.

Cite This Article

APA
Elata A, Galon EM, Moumouni PFA, Ybanez RHD, Mossaad E, Salces CB, Bajenting GP, Ybanez AP, Xuan X, Inoue N, Suganuma K. (2023). Molecular Detection of Animal Trypanosomes in Different Animal Species in the Visayas Region of the Philippines. Acta Parasitol, 68(3), 604-611. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11686-023-00696-9

Publication

Acta parasitologica
ISSN: 1896-1851
NlmUniqueID: 9301947
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 68
Issue: 3
Pages: 604-611

Researcher Affiliations

Elata, Afraa
  • National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada, Obihiro, Hokkaido, 080-8555, Japan.
  • Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, 13314, Sudan.
Galon, Eloiza May
  • National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada, Obihiro, Hokkaido, 080-8555, Japan.
Moumouni, Paul Franck Adjou
  • National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada, Obihiro, Hokkaido, 080-8555, Japan.
Ybanez, Rochelle Haidee D
  • National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada, Obihiro, Hokkaido, 080-8555, Japan.
  • Institute of Molecular Parasitology and Protozoan Diseases at Main Campus and College of Veterinary Medicine at Barili Campus, Cebu Technological University, Cebu City, Philippines.
Mossaad, Ehab
  • National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada, Obihiro, Hokkaido, 080-8555, Japan.
  • Department of Pathology, Parasitology and Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sudan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 204, Khartoum, Sudan.
Salces, Caro B
  • Philippine Carabao Center at Ubay Stock Farm, Lomangog, 6315, Ubay, Bohol, Philippines.
Bajenting, Gundolino P
  • Philippine Carabao Center at Ubay Stock Farm, Lomangog, 6315, Ubay, Bohol, Philippines.
Ybanez, Adrian P
  • Institute of Molecular Parasitology and Protozoan Diseases at Main Campus and College of Veterinary Medicine at Barili Campus, Cebu Technological University, Cebu City, Philippines.
Xuan, Xuenan
  • National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada, Obihiro, Hokkaido, 080-8555, Japan.
Inoue, Noboru
  • National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada, Obihiro, Hokkaido, 080-8555, Japan. ircpmi@obihiro.ac.jp.
Suganuma, Keisuke
  • National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada, Obihiro, Hokkaido, 080-8555, Japan. k.suganuma@obihiro.ac.jp.
  • Research Center for Global Agromedicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada, Obihiro, Hokkaido, 080-8555, Japan. k.suganuma@obihiro.ac.jp.

MeSH Terms

  • Cattle
  • Animals
  • Horses
  • Philippines / epidemiology
  • Trypanosoma / genetics
  • Trypanosomiasis / epidemiology
  • Trypanosomiasis / veterinary
  • Polymerase Chain Reaction / veterinary
  • Goats
  • Buffaloes / parasitology

Grant Funding

  • 16K18793 / Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
  • 19K15972 / Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

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Citations

This article has been cited 2 times.
  1. Sahin OF, Erol U, Sakar HF, Altay K. Molecular detection and CATL-based genotyping of Trypanosoma theileri in small ruminants from Türkiye. Trop Anim Health Prod 2025 Dec 12;57(9):542.
    doi: 10.1007/s11250-025-04811-ypubmed: 41384999google scholar: lookup
  2. Sahin OF, Erol U, Sakar HF, Altay K. The First Molecular Detection of the Presence and Prevalence of Trypanosoma theileri in Cattle from Türkiye. Acta Parasitol 2025 Jun 2;70(3):122.
    doi: 10.1007/s11686-025-01059-2pubmed: 40455167google scholar: lookup
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