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Parasites & vectors2019; 12(1); 495; doi: 10.1186/s13071-019-3742-y

Molecular investigation and phylogeny of species of the Anaplasmataceae infecting animals and ticks in Senegal.

Abstract: Our study aimed to assess the diversity of the species of Anaplasmataceae in Senegal that infect animals and ticks in three areas: near Keur Momar Sarr (northern region), Dielmo and Diop (Sine Saloum, central region of Senegal), and in Casamance (southern region of Senegal). Methods: A total of 204 ticks and 433 blood samples were collected from ruminants, horses, donkeys and dogs. Ticks were identified morphologically and by molecular characterization targeting the 12S rRNA gene. Molecular characterization of species of Anaplasmataceae infecting Senegalese ticks and animals was conducted using the 23S rRNA, 16S rRNA, rpoB and groEL genes. Results: Ticks were identified as Rhipicephalus evertsi evertsi (84.3%), Hyalomma rufipes (8.3%), Hyalomma impeltatum (4.9%), R. bursa (1.5%) and R. muhsamae (0.9%). The overall prevalence of Anaplasmataceae infection in ticks was 0.9%, whereas 41.1% of the sampled animals were found infected by one of the species belonging to this family. We identified the pathogen Anaplasma ovis in 55.9% of sheep, A. marginale and A. centrale in 19.4% and 8.1%, respectively, of cattle, as well as a putative new species of Anaplasmataceae. Two Anaplasma species commonly infecting ruminants were identified. Anaplasma cf. platys, closely related to A. platys was identified in 19.8% of sheep, 27.7% of goats and 22.6% of cattle, whereas a putative new species, named here provisionally "Candidatus Anaplasma africae", was identified in 3.7% of sheep, 10.3% of goats and 8.1% of cattle. Ehrlichia canis and Anaplasma platys were identified only from dogs sampled in the Keur Momar Sarr area. Ehrlichia canis was identified in 18.8% of dogs and two R. e. evertsi ticks removed from the same sheep. Anaplasma platys was identified in 15.6% of dogs. Neither of the dogs sampled from Casamance region nor the horses and donkeys sampled from Keur Momar Sarr area were found infected by an Anaplasmataceae species. Conclusions: This study presents a summary of Anaplasmataceae species that infect animals and ticks in three areas from the northern, central and southern regions of Senegal. To our knowledge, our findings demonstrate for the first time the presence of multiple Anaplasmataceae species that infect ticks and domestic animals in Senegal. We recorded two potentially new species commonly infecting ruminants named here provisionally as Anaplasma cf. platys and "Candidatus Anaplasma africae". However, E. canis was the only species identified and amplified from ticks. None of the other Anaplasmataceae species identified in animals were identified in the tick species collected from animals.
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Publication Date: 2019-10-22 PubMed ID: 31640746PubMed Central: PMC6805679DOI: 10.1186/s13071-019-3742-yGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article focuses on studying the diversity of Anaplasmataceae species, a type of infectious bacteria, found in animals and ticks from various regions of Senegal. Through collection and analysis of ticks and blood samples from animals, the researchers were able to identify several pathogens and potentially new species of Anaplasmataceae.

Methodology

  • A total of 204 ticks and 433 blood samples were collected from various animals including ruminants, horses, donkeys, and dogs located in the northern, central, and southern regions of Senegal.
  • The ticks were identified both morphologically and through molecular characterization, targeting the 12S rRNA gene.
  • Further molecular characterization of Anaplasmataceae species was done using the 23S rRNA, 16S rRNA, rpoB, and groEL genes.

Results

  • Several species of ticks were identified including Rhipicephalus evertsi evertsi, Hyalomma rufipes, Hyalomma impeltatum, R. bursa and R. muhsamae.
  • The prevalence of Anaplasmataceae infection in ticks was relatively low at 0.9%, while 41.1% of the sampled animals were infected by one of this family of species.
  • The researchers were able to identify the pathogens Anaplasma ovis, A. marginale, and A. centrale in sheep and cattle.
  • A potentially new species of Anaplasmataceae was also observed.
  • The paper also mentions the discovery of two new species, provisionally named Anaplasma cf. platys and “Candidatus Anaplasma africae”.
  • The Ehrlichia canis and Anaplasma platys pathogens were found in dogs from one particular region, Keur Momar Sarr, but not seen in dogs from the Casamance region or other animals from the Keur Momar Sarr region.

Conclusions

  • This research provides a comprehensive overview of the Anaplasmataceae species found in animals and ticks within three distinct regions of Senegal.
  • In addition to identifying several pathogens, the study is noteworthy for noting the presence of potentially new species of Anaplasmataceae—Anaplasma cf. platys and “Candidatus Anaplasma africae”.
  • Interestingly, none of the Anaplasmataceae species identified in animals were found in the tick samples collected from them, except for E. canis.

This study contributes to the wider understanding of the diversity of Anaplasmataceae species in Senegal, potentially paving the way for further research into combating such infectious diseases.

Cite This Article

APA
Dahmani M, Davoust B, Sambou M, Bassene H, Scandola P, Ameur T, Raoult D, Fenollar F, Mediannikov O. (2019). Molecular investigation and phylogeny of species of the Anaplasmataceae infecting animals and ticks in Senegal. Parasit Vectors, 12(1), 495. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-019-3742-y

Publication

Parasites & vectors
ISSN: 1756-3305
NlmUniqueID: 101462774
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 12
Issue: 1
Pages: 495
PII: 495

Researcher Affiliations

Dahmani, Mustapha
  • Microbes, Evolution, Phylogeny and Infection (MEPHI), UMR Aix-Marseille University, IRD, APHM, IHU Méditerranée Infection, 19-21, Bd Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France.
  • IHU Méditerranée Infection, 19-21, Bd Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France.
  • Department of Biological Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA.
Davoust, Bernard
  • Microbes, Evolution, Phylogeny and Infection (MEPHI), UMR Aix-Marseille University, IRD, APHM, IHU Méditerranée Infection, 19-21, Bd Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France.
  • IHU Méditerranée Infection, 19-21, Bd Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France.
Sambou, Masse
  • IHU Méditerranée Infection, 19-21, Bd Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France.
  • Vectors-Tropical and Mediterranean Infections (VITROME), Campus International UCAD-IRD, Dakar, Sénégal.
Bassene, Hubert
  • IHU Méditerranée Infection, 19-21, Bd Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France.
  • Vectors-Tropical and Mediterranean Infections (VITROME), Campus International UCAD-IRD, Dakar, Sénégal.
Scandola, Pierre
  • Microbes, Evolution, Phylogeny and Infection (MEPHI), UMR Aix-Marseille University, IRD, APHM, IHU Méditerranée Infection, 19-21, Bd Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France.
  • IHU Méditerranée Infection, 19-21, Bd Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France.
Ameur, Tinhinene
  • Microbes, Evolution, Phylogeny and Infection (MEPHI), UMR Aix-Marseille University, IRD, APHM, IHU Méditerranée Infection, 19-21, Bd Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France.
  • IHU Méditerranée Infection, 19-21, Bd Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France.
Raoult, Didier
  • Microbes, Evolution, Phylogeny and Infection (MEPHI), UMR Aix-Marseille University, IRD, APHM, IHU Méditerranée Infection, 19-21, Bd Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France.
  • IHU Méditerranée Infection, 19-21, Bd Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France.
Fenollar, Florence
  • IHU Méditerranée Infection, 19-21, Bd Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France.
  • VITROME, UMR Aix-Marseille University, IRD, SSA, APHM, IHU Méditerranée Infection, 19-21, Bd Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France.
Mediannikov, Oleg
  • Microbes, Evolution, Phylogeny and Infection (MEPHI), UMR Aix-Marseille University, IRD, APHM, IHU Méditerranée Infection, 19-21, Bd Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France. olegusss1@gmail.com.
  • IHU Méditerranée Infection, 19-21, Bd Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France. olegusss1@gmail.com.

MeSH Terms

  • Anaplasmataceae / classification
  • Anaplasmataceae / genetics
  • Anaplasmataceae Infections / microbiology
  • Anaplasmataceae Infections / veterinary
  • Animals
  • Animals, Domestic / microbiology
  • Animals, Domestic / parasitology
  • Cattle
  • Chaperonin 60 / genetics
  • DNA, Ribosomal / blood
  • DNA, Ribosomal / chemistry
  • DNA, Ribosomal / isolation & purification
  • DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases / genetics
  • Dog Diseases / microbiology
  • Dog Diseases / parasitology
  • Dogs
  • Equidae / microbiology
  • Equidae / parasitology
  • Female
  • Genetic Variation
  • Goats
  • Horse Diseases / microbiology
  • Horse Diseases / parasitology
  • Horses
  • Male
  • Phylogeny
  • RNA, Ribosomal / genetics
  • RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / genetics
  • RNA, Ribosomal, 23S / genetics
  • Ruminants / microbiology
  • Ruminants / parasitology
  • Senegal
  • Sequence Alignment / veterinary
  • Sheep
  • Tick Infestations / complications
  • Tick Infestations / veterinary
  • Ticks / microbiology

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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