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Equine veterinary journal2021; 54(1); 167-175; doi: 10.1111/evj.13434

Morphological variability of the atrioventricular valve cusps in the equine heart.

Abstract: The morphometric studies of the atrioventricular valves are still limited in the horse. Objective: To investigate the anatomy of the atrioventricular valves in the horse, focusing on the morphometric features of the valvular leaflets and the tendinous cords. We hypothesised that accessory leaflets occur commonly and exist as independent structures in the atrioventricular valves of the horse. Methods: Descriptive anatomical study. Methods: Twenty normal hearts from slaughtered half-bred horses were used. The cardiac weight and circumference were recorded. The atrioventricular valves were exposed by excision of the atria, and the tricuspid and mitral annular diameters and circumferences were measured; the number of leaflets and tendinous cords for each atrioventricular ostium were then counted. The atrioventricular valves were isolated and the width, height and thickness of each leaflet were measured. Results: In addition to the principal leaflets, accessory leaflets were identified in 39 of 40 cardiac valves, 2 to 6 accessory leaflets for the mitral valve and 1 to 4 for the tricuspid valve. All the accessory leaflets were separated from the adjacent leaflets at their insertion. They were narrower and thinner than the principal leaflets, and were attached to a single papillary muscle; 95% of the accessory leaflets had two tendinous cords shared with the adjacent leaflets while a minority (34%) had their own specific tendinous cord. Conclusions: Lack of signalment data from the study population. Conclusions: Supernumerary leaflets occurred commonly in the atrioventricular valves of the horse and appeared as independent structures. The clinical relevance of increased numbers of commissures that result from accessory leaflets and their relationship with valvular regurgitation are currently unknown.
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Publication Date: 2021-03-10 PubMed ID: 33555625DOI: 10.1111/evj.13434Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research paper examines the anatomical structures of the atrioventricular valves (specifically the leaflets) in the heart of a horse. The researchers hypothesize that accessory leaflets, extra leaflets that aren’t usually present, are often found in horse hearts as independent structures.

Research Methodology

  • In this study, 20 normal hearts from slaughtered half-bred horses were used.
  • The researchers recorded the cardiac weight and circumference of each heart.
  • They then exposed the atrioventricular valves by removing the atria. This allowed them to measure the annular diameters and circumferences of the tricuspid and mitral valves.
  • They counted the number of leaflets and tendinous cords for each atrioventricular opening on the heart.
  • Finally, the atrioventricular valves were isolated, and the width, height, and thickness of each leaflet were measured.

Study Findings

  • The results indicated that in addition to the main leaflets, accessory leaflets were found in 39 out of 40 cardiac valves. There were between 2 and 6 of these additional leaflets for the mitral valve, and between 1 and 4 for the tricuspid valve.
  • The accessory leaflets were narrower and thinner than the main leaflets. They had separate insertions and were connected to a single papillary muscle.
  • 95% of the accessory leaflets shared two tendinous cords with the adjacent main leaflets, yet a smaller percentage (34%) had a specific tendinous cord of their own.
  • The researchers found that these extra leaflets occurred quite commonly in the atrioventricular valves of a horse and existed as independent structures.

Conclusions

  • The data from the study population did not provide signalment information, which may limit the study’s applicability to the wider equine population.
  • In conclusion, the researchers found that additional leaflets, or supernumerary leaflets, commonly occur in the atrioventricular valves of horse hearts.
  • However, the clinical significance of these additional leaflets and their potential impact on valvular regurgitation was not determined in this study. Further research is required to understand the potential health impacts of these additional structures.

Cite This Article

APA
De Silva M, Tagliavia C, Galiazzo G, Gifuni G, Caiazza M, Chiocchetti R, Grandis A. (2021). Morphological variability of the atrioventricular valve cusps in the equine heart. Equine Vet J, 54(1), 167-175. https://doi.org/10.1111/evj.13434

Publication

Equine veterinary journal
ISSN: 2042-3306
NlmUniqueID: 0173320
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 54
Issue: 1
Pages: 167-175

Researcher Affiliations

De Silva, Margherita
  • Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Tagliavia, Claudio
  • Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Galiazzo, Giorgia
  • Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Gifuni, Giovanni
  • Horse Riding Military Centre, Roma, Italy.
Caiazza, Michele
  • Horse Riding Military Centre, Roma, Italy.
Chiocchetti, Roberto
  • Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Grandis, Annamaria
  • Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Heart Atria
  • Horses
  • Mitral Valve
  • Tricuspid Valve

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Citations

This article has been cited 1 times.
  1. Jin YQ, Wu QY, Zhang XY, Fan LX, Zhang ER, Xue H, Zhang MK. Mid-term outcomes of atrioventricular valve repair in functional single ventricle patients. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024;11:1510143.
    doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1510143pubmed: 39744207google scholar: lookup
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