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Home / Equine Research Bank / Thorax / Myocardial atrio-venous junctions and extensions (sleeves) o...
Thorax1970; 25(3); 317-324; doi: 10.1136/thx.25.3.317

Myocardial atrio-venous junctions and extensions (sleeves) over the pulmonary and caval veins. Anatomical observations in various mammals.

Abstract: The myocardial fibres of the posterior wall of the atrio-venous junctions were examined in 35 large domestic mammals. In the majority of specimens a common pattern in the course and organization of the fibres could be observed. The most obvious features were the following: (1) a main circular fascicle surrounding the pulmonary trunks; (2) fibres encircling the atriovenous junctions; and (3) myocardial sleeves extending along the veins, occasionally as far as the lung. The superior part of the left atrial wall was consistently thicker than the inferior section. Individual variations of this wall between the various trunks followed one of four patterns—vertical, oblique, horizontal or criss-crossed. Differences between mammal and human hearts were found regarding the number of pulmonary trunks, the presence of the oblique vein of the left atrium, and the extension of the myocardial sleeves on the caval vein. This extension on the caval vein continues over the end of the azygos vein in animals. The functional significance of the structures described in this study is discussed.
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Publication Date: 1970-05-01 PubMed ID: 5452285PubMed Central: PMC472709DOI: 10.1136/thx.25.3.317Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research examines the structure and pattern of myocardial fibres in the posterior wall of the atriovenous junctions found in 35 large domestic mammals. The results reveal a common organization and path of these fibres and identified four significant features. It also recognizes differences between human and mammalian hearts, which varies the number of pulmonary trunks and the extension of the myocardial sleeves on the caval vein.

Objective and Methodology

  • The researchers examined the myocardial fibres of the posterior wall of the atrio-venous junctions in 35 large domestic mammals.
  • The goal was to observe the course and organization of these fibres across various mammalian species, and compare the observed differences with human hearts.

Key Findings

  • The results showed a common pattern among the majority of the examined specimens, revealing four significant features.
  • The first notable feature was a primary circular fascicle surrounding the pulmonary trunks.
  • Secondly, they identified fibres encircling the atriovenous junctions.
  • The third observation was myocardial sleeves extending along the veins, occasionally reaching as far as the lung.
  • Finally, the superior part of the left atrial wall was found to be consistently thicker than the inferior section.
  • The individual variations of this wall between the various trunks observed were vertical, oblique, horizontal, or criss-crossed patterns.

Comparative Differences

  • The researchers also compared the anatomy of the mammalian cardiovascular structures with humans, revealing several key differences.
  • These differences include the number of pulmonary trunks, the presence of the oblique vein of the left atrium, and the extension of the myocardial sleeves on the caval vein.
  • In animals, an extension on the caval vein was found to continue over the end of the azygos vein.

Functional Significance

  • The study also discusses the functional significance of the observed anatomical patterns and structures, although these discussions are not detailed in the abstract.

Cite This Article

APA
Nathan H, Gloobe H. (1970). Myocardial atrio-venous junctions and extensions (sleeves) over the pulmonary and caval veins. Anatomical observations in various mammals. Thorax, 25(3), 317-324. https://doi.org/10.1136/thx.25.3.317

Publication

Thorax
ISSN: 0040-6376
NlmUniqueID: 0417353
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 25
Issue: 3
Pages: 317-324

Researcher Affiliations

Nathan, H
    Gloobe, H

      MeSH Terms

      • Animals
      • Camelus / anatomy & histology
      • Cattle
      • Female
      • Heart Atria / anatomy & histology
      • Horses / anatomy & histology
      • Male
      • Myocardium
      • Pulmonary Veins / anatomy & histology
      • Sheep / anatomy & histology
      • Swine / anatomy & histology
      • Venae Cavae / anatomy & histology

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