Nasopharyngeal conidiobolomycosis in a horse.
Abstract: Nasopharyngeal conidiobolomycosis caused by Conidiobolus coronatus was diagnosed in a horse after endoscopic and histopathologic examinations of a biopsy specimen. The fungal lesions in the nasopharynx were substantially reduced in size after intralesional injection of amphotericin B through the biopsy channel of a videoendoscope in combination with i.v. administration of sodium iodide and oral administration of potassium iodide during a 2-month period. Endoscopy performed 15 months after initial examination revealed regression of the granulomatous masses in the nasopharynx and complete disappearance of the nasal masses. Two months later, clinical signs recurred, and the owner elected euthanasia without evaluation and treatment. Nasopharyngeal conidiobolomycosis may be treated successfully with intralesional injection of amphotericin B in combination with administration of sodium iodide and potassium iodide, but there is a possibility of recrudescence of infection.
Publication Date: 1996-01-01 PubMed ID: 8682695
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Case Reports
- Journal Article
Summary
This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.
This research focuses on a case of nasopharyngeal conidiobolomycosis in a horse. The fungal infection was treated with an intralesional injection of amphotericin B combined with sodium iodide and potassium iodide administration, which led to a significant reduction in the lesions. However, the infection recurred after a 15-month period, which resulted in euthanasia.
Diagnosis and Initial Treatment
- The horse was diagnosed with conidiobolomycosis, a rare fungal disease, in the nasopharynx – the area behind the nose leading to the throat. The diagnosis was made through endoscopy and histopathology examination of a biopsy specimen.
- Initial treatment involved the use of a specific antifungal medication, amphotericin B, directly injected to the infected location via the biopsy channel under video endoscopic guidance.
Additional Treatment Measures
- To support the treatment, sodium iodide was given intravenously (i.v.) and potassium iodide orally over a period of 2 months.
- Amphotericin B, sodium iodide, and potassium iodide exhibited a synergistic effect in reducing the size of the nasal and pharyngeal fungal lesions.
Retrospection and Recrudescence of Infection
- A follow-up endoscopy performed 15 months after the initial treatment showed regression of the granulomatous masses in the nasopharynx and complete disappearance of the nasal masses, indicating the effectiveness of the treatment.
- However, two months post this follow-up examination, the clinical symptoms of the fungal infection resurfaced. As a result, the horse owner chose euthanasia without further evaluation or treatment.
Conclusion and Future Treatment Recommendations
- Despite the initial effectiveness, the research concludes that the possibility of recrudescence or recurrence of conidiobolomycosis remains, even with the combined use of amphotericin B, sodium iodide, and potassium iodide.
- The findings emphasize that this specific treatment can be successful, but veterinarians and horse owners need to be aware of the potential for recurrence.
Cite This Article
APA
Zamos DT, Schumacher J, Loy JK.
(1996).
Nasopharyngeal conidiobolomycosis in a horse.
J Am Vet Med Assoc, 208(1), 100-101.
Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Large Animal Medicine, Texas Veterinary Medical Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station 77843-4475, USA.
MeSH Terms
- Administration, Oral
- Amphotericin B / administration & dosage
- Amphotericin B / therapeutic use
- Animals
- Antifungal Agents / administration & dosage
- Antifungal Agents / therapeutic use
- Endoscopy / veterinary
- Entomophthora / isolation & purification
- Female
- Granuloma / drug therapy
- Granuloma / microbiology
- Granuloma / pathology
- Granuloma / veterinary
- Horse Diseases / drug therapy
- Horse Diseases / microbiology
- Horse Diseases / pathology
- Horses
- Injections, Intralesional / veterinary
- Injections, Intravenous / veterinary
- Mycoses / drug therapy
- Mycoses / microbiology
- Mycoses / pathology
- Mycoses / veterinary
- Nasopharyngeal Diseases / drug therapy
- Nasopharyngeal Diseases / microbiology
- Nasopharyngeal Diseases / pathology
- Nasopharyngeal Diseases / veterinary
- Potassium Iodide / administration & dosage
- Potassium Iodide / therapeutic use
- Recurrence
- Sodium Iodide / administration & dosage
- Sodium Iodide / therapeutic use
Citations
This article has been cited 8 times.- Jaffey JA, Hostnik ET, Hoffman AR, Jay M, Ferguson SH, Wiederhold NP. Case Report: Successful Management of Conidiobolus Lamprauges Rhinitis in a Dog. Front Vet Sci 2021;8:633695.
- Wankhade AB, Patro P, Arora RD, Nagarkar NM. Nasofacial rhinoentomophthoramycosis: A report of two cases from Central India. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2020 Feb;24(Suppl 1):S124-S127.
- Vilela R, Silva SM, Riet-Correa F, Dominguez E, Mendoza L. Morphologic and phylogenetic characterization of Conidiobolus lamprauges recovered from infected sheep. J Clin Microbiol 2010 Feb;48(2):427-32.
- Morris M, Ngeleka M, Adogwa AO, Lalla G, St-Germain G, Higgins R. Rhinocerebral zygomycosis in a sheep. Can Vet J 2001 Mar;42(3):227-8.
- Silva TIB, Rocha JHL, Silva DKA, Portela AGA, Gomes CB, Henrique LGA, Campelo MBZ, Oliveira INLC, Melchior LAK, Santos FGA. An outbreak of ovine conidiobolomycosis in the Brazilian Amazon. J Vet Diagn Invest 2026 Mar;38(2):314-320.
- de Moura Alonso J, Watanabe MJ, de Moraes Gimenes Bosco S, Apolonio EVP, de Vasconcelos AB, do Prado AC, Alves ALG, Rodrigues CA, Hussni CA. Treatment of mycotic rhinitis caused by aspergillus fumigatus in a quarter horse mare using topical clotrimazole and oral potassium iodide. Vet Res Commun 2024 Nov 22;49(1):28.
- Malik R, Krockenberger MB, O'Brien CR. Intra-lesional amphotericin B--worth a try, maybe for lots of things, but we need more data!. J Feline Med Surg 2009 Aug;11(8):621-3.
- Gremião ID, Schubach TM, Pereira SA, Rodrigues AM, Chaves AR, Barros MB. Intralesional amphotericin B in a cat with refractory localised sporotrichosis. J Feline Med Surg 2009 Aug;11(8):720-3.
Use Nutrition Calculator
Check if your horse's diet meets their nutrition requirements with our easy-to-use tool Check your horse's diet with our easy-to-use tool
Talk to a Nutritionist
Discuss your horse's feeding plan with our experts over a free phone consultation Discuss your horse's diet over a phone consultation
Submit Diet Evaluation
Get a customized feeding plan for your horse formulated by our equine nutritionists Get a custom feeding plan formulated by our nutritionists
