[Nomenclature of the clitoris and preputium of the mare in relation to the surgical removal of the clitoral sinus according to CEM regulations].

This study discusses the naming conventions associated with the surgical removal of the clitoral sinus in horses, in line with the regulations for the importation of horses from Contagious Equine Metritis (CEM) carrier states. The research suggests the term “Sinus clitoridis” as a standard international term.

Objective of the Research

• The main aim of this research is to address the lack of naming conventions in the North American Veterinary (NAV) requirements from 1983 for the removal of the clitoral sinus in mares. This removal is crucial for the importation of horses from regions known as Contagious Equine Metritis (CEM) carrier states.

Importance of Sinus Clitoridis Removal

• The clitoral sinus is a cavity in the glans of the mare’s clitoris which must be removed as per the regulations for importing horses from CEM carrier states. CEM is a contagious bacterial infection that can cause infertility in mares.
• The infection is primarily spread through breeding or direct contact with infected horses. Countries free from CEM often have strict regulations about importing horses from a CEM carrier state. One of these regulations involves the surgical removal of the clitoral sinus, which can act as a reservoir for the bacteria causing CEM.

Nomenclature Proposal

• The research proposes adopting the term “Sinus clitoridis” as an international standard. This is in response to physicians’ statements and American literature, which highlight the lack of a named classification for the clitoral sinus.
• Standardizing the term will facilitate clearer communication and understanding across different countries and veterinary practices, ensuring that the necessary procedures are performed correctly and help reduce the spread of CEM.