Noncomminuted fractures of the proximal phalanx in 69 horses.

This study evaluates and categorizes the different types of noncomminuted fractures of the proximal phalanx in horses, with a particular focus on racing horses. The long-term effects and recovery rate of such fractures are analyzed, with results suggesting a higher rate of return to racing in Standardbreds than Thoroughbreds.

Overview of the Study

• The study is a retrospective analysis of 69 horse cases with noncomminuted fractures of the proximal phalanx. This type of fracture is when there are not many pieces in the broken bone, unlike comminuted fractures.
• The fractures were not proximal chip fractures, a specific type of fracture in which small fragments of bone break away from the main bone.
• Nearly 71% of these fractures were sustained while the horses were racing or training for racing.
• X-ray examinations were performed on all affected limbs, and fractures were categorized into six noncomminuted types.

Treatment and Survival Rate

• Before any treatment, four horses had been put down.
• Sixty-five horses received treatment, and 63 of those survived and were discharged.
• Out of the discharged horses, four were euthanized due to persistent lameness caused by the fracture.

Outcome and Follow-up Assessment

• Among the 59 horses that survived, outcomes varied. Some returned to racing activities while others were used as show or pleasure riding animals, and some were used for breeding.
• A sizable number of horses (10) were lost to follow-up, meaning researchers were unable to track their progress after discharge.

Comparison between Horse Breeds

• More Standardbreds with this type of fracture returned to racing than Thoroughbreds. Additionally, among the Standardbreds that returned to racing, the study records the type of fracture they’d suffered.
• Among Thoroughbreds that used to race or train before the injury, over half of them returned to racing, with the majority returning to their previous level of performance.