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Home / Equine Research Bank / Neurol Clin / North American encephalitic arboviruses.
Neurologic clinics2008; 26(3); 727-ix; doi: 10.1016/j.ncl.2008.03.012

North American encephalitic arboviruses.

Abstract: Arboviruses continue to be a major cause of encephalitis in North America, and West Nile virus neuroinvasive disease is now the dominant cause of encephalitis. Transmission to humans of North American arboviruses occurs by infected mosquitoes or ticks. Most infections are asymptomatic or produce a flulike illness. Rapid serum or cerebrospinal fluid IgM antibody capture ELISA assays are available to diagnosis the acute infection for all North American arboviruses. Unfortunately, no antiviral drugs are approved for the treatment of arbovirus infection and current therapy is supportive.
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Publication Date: 2008-07-29 PubMed ID: 18657724PubMed Central: PMC2866042DOI: 10.1016/j.ncl.2008.03.012Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article
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  • N.I.H.
  • Extramural
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  • Non-U.S. Gov't
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research investigates arboviruses, major causes of encephalitis in North America, highlighting that the West Nile virus neuroinvasive disease is now the leading cause. It underscores the fact that, despite the severity and pervasiveness of these infections, there are still no approved antiviral drugs for their treatment.

Overview of the Research

  • The research focuses on arboviruses as significant contributors to encephalitis, an inflammation of the brain, in North America. Moreover, it brings to light that West Nile virus neuroinvasive disease has emerged as the leading cause of encephalitis in the region.
  • As per the study, these viruses are largely transmitted to humans through mosquitoes or ticks carrying the infection.
  • Interestingly, the paper notes that most arbovirus infections either do not trigger symptoms, or they manifest as flulike illnesses, which could potentially lead to under-diagnosis or misdiagnosis.

Diagnostic Measures

  • The research reveals the utility of rapid serum or cerebrospinal fluid IgM antibody capture ELISA assays in diagnosing the acute infection for all North American arboviruses. These diagnostic assays can play a crucial role in early detection and management of the disease.

Treatment of Arbovirus Infections

  • One of the critical findings of the research is the lack of approved antiviral drugs for treating arbovirus infection. This is a significant gap in the current healthcare protocols that needs to be addressed to manage the diseases effectively.
  • In the absence of specific antiviral treatments, the present therapy for these infections is mostly supportive. This generally includes measures to relieve symptoms and improve patient comfort while their immune system fights off the infection.

Cite This Article

APA
Davis LE, Beckham JD, Tyler KL. (2008). North American encephalitic arboviruses. Neurol Clin, 26(3), 727-ix. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ncl.2008.03.012

Publication

Neurologic clinics
ISSN: 0733-8619
NlmUniqueID: 8219232
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 26
Issue: 3
Pages: 727-ix

Researcher Affiliations

Davis, Larry E
  • New Mexico Veterans Affairs Health Care System, 1500 San Pedro Drive SE, Albuquerque, NM 87108, USA. ledavis@unm.edu
Beckham, J David
    Tyler, Kenneth L

      MeSH Terms

      • Arbovirus Infections / epidemiology
      • Arbovirus Infections / physiopathology
      • Arbovirus Infections / virology
      • Brain / physiopathology
      • Brain / virology
      • Encephalitis, Viral / physiopathology
      • Encephalitis, Viral / virology
      • Encephalomyelitis, Eastern Equine / epidemiology
      • Encephalomyelitis, Eastern Equine / physiopathology
      • Encephalomyelitis, Eastern Equine / virology
      • Humans
      • Meningitis, Viral / physiopathology
      • Meningitis, Viral / virology
      • West Nile Fever / epidemiology
      • West Nile Fever / physiopathology
      • West Nile Fever / virology

      Grant Funding

      • R01 NS050138-05S1 / NINDS NIH HHS
      • R01 NS051403-04 / NINDS NIH HHS
      • T32AI07537 / NIAID NIH HHS
      • R01 NS050138-04 / NINDS NIH HHS
      • T32 AI007537 / NIAID NIH HHS
      • R01 NS050138-05 / NINDS NIH HHS
      • R01 NS050138 / NINDS NIH HHS
      • R01 NS051403 / NINDS NIH HHS

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