O2 transport in ponies during treadmill exercise.
Abstract: We assessed cardiovascular variables and blood O2 contents in order to characterize O2 transport in ponies during treadmill exercise. In normal ponies at 1.8, 3, and 6 mph, respectively, cardiac output (Qc) increased from 12 l/min at rest to maximum levels of 19.7, 28.7, and 39.9 l/min between 30 and 60 s. Qc then decreased to steady-state levels of 18.2, 24.6, and 32.7 l/min by 4 min. Heart rate (HR) showed a similar biphasic response in the 1st min of exercise. Systolic and diastolic arterial blood pressure (BP) decreased at the onset of exercise by 20-25 Torr (P less than 0.05) and then increased to a steady-state by 60 s. Mean right ventricular pressures (MRVBP) increased from approximately 9.7 Torr at rest to 15.9 (1.8 mph), 15.2 (3 mph), and 23.6 Torr (6 mph) by 1 min and then decreased throughout the remainder of the 8 min of exercise (P less than 0.05). At 3 and 6 mph, respectively, arterial O2 content (CaO2) increased from 11.6 vol% at rest to 12.7 and 15.0 vol% by 45 s and 13.1 and 16.6 vol% by 7 min. At 7 min of 9.3 mph exercise, it increased to 20.34 vol%. Hemoglobin (Hb) at 3 mph increased from 9.6 g/100 ml at rest to 10.5 g/100 ml by 45 s and 11.7 g/100 ml by 7 min. At 6 mph, Hb increased to 12 g/100 ml at 45 s and 13.0 g/100 ml by 7 min of exercise. These data demonstrate that the rapid, work load-dependent increase in CaO2 represents an important mechanism to increase O2 transport in exercising ponies.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Publication Date: 1984-09-01 PubMed ID: 6490460DOI: 10.1152/jappl.1984.57.3.744Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
Summary
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The research article investigates the effect of different speed treadmill exercises on the oxygen (O2) transport in ponies. The study not only identifies the physiological changes in the cardiovascular system but it also demonstrates a work load-dependent increase in the oxygen content of the blood in the ponies during exercise.
Cardiovascular Variables
The study looks into key cardiovascular variables such as:
- Cardiac output (Qc) – It has been observed that as the speed of the treadmill increases, the Qc also rises reaching its maximum levels between 30 and 60 seconds of exercise and then declines to steady-state levels within the 4 minutes of the exercise.
- Heart rate (HR) – Similar to Qc, the HR has also exhibited a biphasic response in the first minute of the exercise especially at increased treadmill speeds.
- Arterial blood pressure (BP) – The BP recorded a dip at the commencement of exercise by 20-25 Torr and then escalated to a steady state within 60 seconds.
- Mean right ventricular pressures (MRVBP) – MRVBP saw an upward trajectory from approximately 9.7 Torr at rest to elevated levels as the treadmill speed increased. Later, it registered a decrease throughout the rest of the 8-minute exercise period.
Blood Oxygen Contents
The arterial O2 content (CaO2) and hemoglobin (Hb) content were also measured during the study:
- CaO2 showed an increase from the resting state to higher levels as the speed of the treadmill exercise increased. At the conclusion of a 7-minute exercise of 9.3 mph, it witnessed an increase to 20.34 vol%.
- Similarly, Hb content, crucial for oxygen transport, also amplified from the resting level to higher levels with the increase in the intensity of the exercise. At 6 mph, Hb increased to 12 g/100 ml at 45 seconds and 13.0 g/100 ml by 7 minutes of exercise.
Conclusion
The fluctuations in cardiovascular variables and the elevation in CaO2 and Hb content indicate the physiological adaptability of ponies in response to the treadmill exercise. The rapid increase in CaO2 with the workload underscores the important role it plays in increasing O2 transport in ponies while they exercise.
Cite This Article
APA
Pan LG, Forster HV, Bisgard GE, Dorsey SM, Busch MA.
(1984).
O2 transport in ponies during treadmill exercise.
J Appl Physiol Respir Environ Exerc Physiol, 57(3), 744-752.
https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1984.57.3.744 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Blood Pressure
- Cardiac Output
- Chemoreceptor Cells / physiology
- Denervation
- Heart Rate
- Hemoglobins / metabolism
- Horses / physiology
- Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
- Hypoxia / physiopathology
- Oxygen / blood
- Oxygen / metabolism
- Physical Exertion
- Pressoreceptors / physiology
- Stroke Volume
- Time Factors
Citations
This article has been cited 1 times.- Lindinger MI, Waller AP. Physicochemical Analysis of Mixed Venous and Arterial Blood Acid-Base State in Horses at Core Temperature during and after Moderate-Intensity Exercise.. Animals (Basel) 2022 Jul 22;12(15).
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