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British medical bulletin2014; 111(1); 77-88; doi: 10.1093/bmb/ldu022

Ophthalmic imaging.

Abstract: The last two decades have seen a revolution in ophthalmic imaging. In this review we present an overview of the breadth of ophthalmic imaging modalities in use today and describe how the role of ophthalmic imaging has changed from documenting abnormalities visible on clinical examination to the detection of clinically silent abnormalities which can lead to an earlier and more precise diagnosis. Methods: This review is based on published literature in the fields of ophthalmic imaging and with focus on most commonly used imaging modalities. Results: New imaging techniques enable non-invasive evaluation of ocular structures at a resolution of a few micrometres. This has led to a re-evaluation of diagnostic criteria for ocular disease, which were previously defined by clinical findings without significant reference to imaging. Results: Lack of formal training and clinical guidelines regarding use of new imaging techniques in diagnosing and monitoring various ocular conditions. Lack of large normative databases and interchangeability issues between different commercial machines can hinder the detection of disease progression. Conclusions: Imaging devices are being constantly refined with improved image capture and image analysis tools. Conclusions: Clinical applications of new techniques and devices have yet to be determined using systematic scientific research methods.
© The Author 2014. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.
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Publication Date: 2014-08-18 PubMed ID: 25139430DOI: 10.1093/bmb/ldu022Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

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This article discusses the advancements in veterinary imaging techniques, particularly ultrasonography, CT, and MRI, their costs, availability, and potential pitfalls such as imaging artifacts.

Advanced Imaging Techniques in Veterinary Medicine

Ultrasonography, CT, and MRI are amongst the advanced imaging modalities that have revolutionized the field of veterinary medicine. These technologies provide detailed images of intraocular structures and surrounding soft tissues, which are essential in diagnosing and managing various animal health conditions, especially eye disorders in horses.

  • The increased availability and cost-effectiveness of Ultrasonography make it a preferred choice for many practitioners, referral centers, and academic institutions. It is noninvasive and offers rapid and detailed examination of internal structures in opaque eyes, a feature particularly useful in equine veterinary care. mobile specialist ultrasonographers offer additional support to these practitioners.
  • CT and MRI, although costlier and less widely available than ultrasonography, offer better image quality with their cross-sectional imaging capabilities.

Financial Considerations and Equipment Availability

Despite the improved quality of CT and MRI images, their high cost and restricted availability pose significant challenges. They are predominantly available at referral centers and academic institutions due to their high costs.

  • Out of the two, CT is more commonly used for equine disorders as it is relatively more affordable and thus more widely available.
  • Both CT and MRI procedures need general anesthesia which increases overall cost and presents additional health risks in critical patients.

Understanding Imaging Artifacts

In order to correctly interpret the images obtained, an understanding of potential imaging artifacts is crucial. Different imaging modalities can produce unique types of artifacts, which if unrecognized, can lead to misinterpretations.

  • The author emphasizes the need for practitioners to have a thorough understanding of normal animal anatomy, aberrant tissue patterns, and varying types of imaging artifacts in order to accurately interpret imaging results and avoid diagnostic errors.

Cite This Article

APA
Ilginis T, Clarke J, Patel PJ. (2014). Ophthalmic imaging. Br Med Bull, 111(1), 77-88. https://doi.org/10.1093/bmb/ldu022

Publication

British medical bulletin
ISSN: 1471-8391
NlmUniqueID: 0376542
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 111
Issue: 1
Pages: 77-88

Researcher Affiliations

Ilginis, Tomas
  • NIHR Moorfields Biomedical Research Centre (Moorfields Eye Hospital and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology), London, UK.
Clarke, Jonathan
  • NIHR Moorfields Biomedical Research Centre (Moorfields Eye Hospital and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology), London, UK.
Patel, Praveen J
  • NIHR Moorfields Biomedical Research Centre (Moorfields Eye Hospital and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology), London, UK praveen.patel@moorfields.nhs.uk.

MeSH Terms

  • Eye Diseases / diagnosis
  • Fluorescein Angiography / methods
  • Fundus Oculi
  • Humans
  • Ophthalmoscopy / methods
  • Optical Imaging / methods
  • Optical Imaging / trends
  • Tomography, Optical Coherence / methods

Citations

This article has been cited 16 times.
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