PGC-1α encoded by the PPARGC1A gene regulates oxidative energy metabolism in equine skeletal muscle during exercise.
Abstract: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α) has emerged as a critical control factor in skeletal muscle adaptation to exercise, acting via transcriptional control of genes responsible for angiogenesis, fatty acid oxidation, oxidative phosphorylation, mitochondrial biogenesis and muscle fibre type composition. In a previous study, we demonstrated a significant increase in mRNA expression for the gene encoding PGC-1α (PPARGC1A) in Thoroughbred horse skeletal muscle following a single bout of endurance exercise. In this study, we investigated mRNA expression changes in genes encoding transcriptional coactivators of PGC-1α and genes that function upstream and downstream of PGC-1α in known canonical pathways. We used linear regression to determine the associations between PPARGC1A mRNA expression and expression of the selected panel of genes. Biopsy samples were obtained from the gluteus medius pre-exercise (T(0) ), immediately post-exercise (T(1) ) and 4 h post-exercise (T(2) ). Significant (P < 0.05) expression fold change differences relative to T(0) were detected for genes functioning in angiogenesis (ANGP2 and VEGFA); Ca(2+) -dependent signalling pathway (PPP3CA); carbohydrate/glucose metabolism (PDK4); fatty acid metabolism/mitochondrial biogenesis (PPPARGC1B); haem biosynthetic process (ALAS1); insulin signalling (FOXO1, PPPARGC1A and SLC2A4); mitogen-activated protein kinase signalling (MAPK14 and MEF2A); and myogenesis (HDAC9). Gene expression associations were identified between PPARGC1A and genes involved in angiogenesis, mitochondrial respiration, glucose transport, insulin signalling and transcriptional regulation. These results suggest that PGC-1α and genes regulated by PGC-1α play significant roles in the skeletal muscle response to exercise and therefore may contribute to performance potential in Thoroughbred horses.
© 2011 The Authors, Animal Genetics © 2011 Stichting International Foundation for Animal Genetics.
Publication Date: 2011-09-21 PubMed ID: 22404351DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2052.2011.02238.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.
The research examines the role of PGC-1α, a protein encoded by the PPARGC1A gene, in managing the metabolic functions of skeletal muscles in horses during exercise. This protein has previously been found to control aspects of muscle adaptation during exercise, thus, this study further explores the interplay of this protein with other genes and biological processes.
Summary of Objective and Methods
- The researchers aimed to investigate how the expression of the PPARGC1A gene (encoding PGC-1α protein) and related genes changes as a response to exercise in horse skeletal muscles.
- The team used linear regression to determine associations between PPARGC1A mRNA expression and other potentially related genes.
- The investigation involved sampling biopsy specimens from the horses’ gluteus medius muscles before exercise, straight after exercise, and four hours post-exercise.
Key Findings
- Significant changes in the relative expression of several genes associated with different biological processes were detected in response to exercise. These included genes linked to angiogenesis, carbohydrate/glucose metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, haem biosynthesis, insulin signalling and other pathways.
- Specific correlations were found between the PPARGC1A gene and those involved in processes like angiogenesis, mitochondrial respiration, glucose transport, and insulin signaling. This suggests that the PGC-1α protein might play a role in regulating these processes in skeletal muscles during exercise.
Conclusions and Implications
- The results suggest that the PGC-1α protein and its regulated genes are significant in how skeletal muscles react to exercise.
- Understanding this interplay may be useful in assessing performance capacity in competitive horses or developing exercise and training regimes.
Cite This Article
APA
Eivers SS, McGivney BA, Gu J, MacHugh DE, Katz LM, Hill EW.
(2011).
PGC-1α encoded by the PPARGC1A gene regulates oxidative energy metabolism in equine skeletal muscle during exercise.
Anim Genet, 43(2), 153-162.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2052.2011.02238.x Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Animal Genomics Laboratory, UCD School of Agriculture, Food Science and Veterinary Medicine, UCD College of Life Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Energy Metabolism
- Horses / genetics
- Horses / metabolism
- Male
- Muscle, Skeletal / metabolism
- Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors / genetics
- Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors / metabolism
- Physical Conditioning, Animal
Citations
This article has been cited 12 times.- Mohammadinejad F, Mohammadabadi M, Roudbari Z, Sadkowski T. Identification of Key Genes and Biological Pathways Associated with Skeletal Muscle Maturation and Hypertrophy in Bos taurus, Ovis aries, and Sus scrofa.. Animals (Basel) 2022 Dec 8;12(24).
- Han H, McGivney BA, Allen L, Bai D, Corduff LR, Davaakhuu G, Davaasambuu J, Dorjgotov D, Hall TJ, Hemmings AJ, Holtby AR, Jambal T, Jargalsaikhan B, Jargalsaikhan U, Kadri NK, MacHugh DE, Pausch H, Readhead C, Warburton D, Dugarjaviin M, Hill EW. Common protein-coding variants influence the racing phenotype in galloping racehorse breeds.. Commun Biol 2022 Dec 13;5(1):1320.
- Farries G, Bryan K, McGivney CL, McGettigan PA, Gough KF, Browne JA, MacHugh DE, Katz LM, Hill EW. Expression Quantitative Trait Loci in Equine Skeletal Muscle Reveals Heritable Variation in Metabolism and the Training Responsive Transcriptome.. Front Genet 2019;10:1215.
- Gonzalez ML, Jacobs RD, Ely KM, Johnson SE. Dietary tributyrin supplementation and submaximal exercise promote activation of equine satellite cells.. J Anim Sci 2019 Dec 17;97(12):4951-4956.
- Grilz-Seger G, Neuditschko M, Ricard A, Velie B, Lindgren G, Mesarič M, Cotman M, Horna M, Dobretsberger M, Brem G, Druml T. Genome-Wide Homozygosity Patterns and Evidence for Selection in a Set of European and Near Eastern Horse Breeds.. Genes (Basel) 2019 Jun 28;10(7).
- Bryan K, McGivney BA, Farries G, McGettigan PA, McGivney CL, Gough KF, MacHugh DE, Katz LM, Hill EW. Equine skeletal muscle adaptations to exercise and training: evidence of differential regulation of autophagosomal and mitochondrial components.. BMC Genomics 2017 Aug 9;18(1):595.
- Chen J, Zhang Z, Wang N, Guo M, Chi X, Pan Y, Jiang J, Niu J, Ksimu S, Li JZ, Chen X, Wang Q. Role of HDAC9-FoxO1 Axis in the Transcriptional Program Associated with Hepatic Gluconeogenesis.. Sci Rep 2017 Jul 21;7(1):6102.
- Dube S, Chionuma H, Matoq A, Alshiekh-Nasany R, Abbott L, Poiesz BJ, Dube DK. Expression of various sarcomeric tropomyosin isoforms in equine striated muscles.. Open Vet J 2017;7(2):180-191.
- Cheng CS, Ran L, Bursac N, Kraus WE, Truskey GA. Cell Density and Joint microRNA-133a and microRNA-696 Inhibition Enhance Differentiation and Contractile Function of Engineered Human Skeletal Muscle Tissues.. Tissue Eng Part A 2016 Apr;22(7-8):573-83.
- Yamazaki M, Kusano K, Ishibashi T, Kiuchi M, Koyama K. Intravenous infusion of H2-saline suppresses oxidative stress and elevates antioxidant potential in Thoroughbred horses after racing exercise.. Sci Rep 2015 Oct 23;5:15514.
- Gim JA, Hong CP, Kim DS, Moon JW, Choi Y, Eo J, Kwon YJ, Lee JR, Jung YD, Bae JH, Choi BH, Ko J, Song S, Ahn K, Ha HS, Yang YM, Lee HK, Park KD, Do KT, Han K, Yi JM, Cha HJ, Ayarpadikannan S, Cho BW, Bhak J, Kim HS. Genome-wide analysis of DNA methylation before-and after exercise in the thoroughbred horse with MeDIP-Seq.. Mol Cells 2015 Mar;38(3):210-20.
- Zhang S, Hulver MW, McMillan RP, Cline MA, Gilbert ER. The pivotal role of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases in metabolic flexibility.. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2014 Feb 12;11(1):10.
Use Nutrition Calculator
Check if your horse's diet meets their nutrition requirements with our easy-to-use tool Check your horse's diet with our easy-to-use tool
Talk to a Nutritionist
Discuss your horse's feeding plan with our experts over a free phone consultation Discuss your horse's diet over a phone consultation
Submit Diet Evaluation
Get a customized feeding plan for your horse formulated by our equine nutritionists Get a custom feeding plan formulated by our nutritionists
