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Pharmacokinetics of ibuprofen after intravenous and oral administration and assessment of safety of administration to healthy foals.
Abstract: To determine pharmacokinetics of ibuprofen in healthy foals and to determine clinical effects after oral administration for 6 days. Methods: 7 healthy 5- to 10-week-old foals. Methods: Serum concentrations of ibuprofen were measured after IV and oral (nasogastric tube) administration at dosages of 10 and 25 mg/kg of body weight. Foals were given ibuprofen (25 mg/kg, PO, q 8 h) as a paste for 6 days. Serum and urine were obtained before and after the 6-day period. Results: Half-life of elimination (Kel t1/2) of IV-administered ibuprofen (ie, 10 and 25 mg/kg), was 79 and 108 minutes, maximal serum concentration (C(MAX)) was 82 and 160 microg/ml, and clearance was 0.003 and 0.002 L/kg/min, respectively. At the higher dosage, clearance was significantly lower and C(MAX) was significantly higher. Ibuprofen given via nasogastric tube resulted in Kel t1/2 of 81 and 100 minutes and C(MAX) of 22 and 52 microg/ml for 10 and 25 mg/kg, respectively. The absorption half-life was 13 minutes, and bioavailability ranged from 71 to 100%. Foals remained healthy during oral administration of ibuprofen. Serum urea nitrogen, creatinine, and L-iditol dehydrogenase values increased significantly, and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) activity and osmolality decreased, but all measurements remained within reference ranges. Urine GGT activity doubled. Necropsy did not reveal gross or histologic renal lesions attributable to ibuprofen. Acute gastric ulcers were evident in 1 foal, although clinical signs of ulcers were not observed. Conclusions: Ibuprofen can be given safely to healthy foals at dosages < or = 25 mg/kg every 8 hours for up to 6 days.
Publication Date: 1999-09-18 PubMed ID: 10490073 The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
- Research Support
- U.S. Gov't
- P.H.S.
Summary
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The research article explores the pharmacokinetics and potential side effects of giving ibuprofen to healthy young horses, or foals, either orally or intravenously. It concludes that providing a dosage of up to 25mg/kg every eight hours for six days is safe.
Methodology
- Seven healthy foals aged between five and ten weeks were selected for this study.
- The researchers administered ibuprofen via intravenous injection and orally through a nasogastric tube, with dosages of both 10 and 25 mg/kg of body weight.
- After the administration, serum concentrations of ibuprofen were measured.
- The foals were also given ibuprofen orally as a paste (25 mg/kg) three times a day over a six-day period.
- Before and after this period, samples of serum and urine were collected for analysis.
Results
- The half-life of elimination (Kel t1/2), maximal serum concentration (C(MAX)) and clearance rate for both intravenous and oral administration were established.
- For intravenous ibuprofen administration, the Kel t1/2 was found to be 79 and 108 minutes, the C(MAX) was 82 and 160 microg/ml and the clearance was 0.003 and 0.002 L/kg/min for both the 10 and 25 mg/kg doses respectively.
- Oral administration showed a Kel t1/2 of 81 and 100 minutes and a C(MAX) of 22 and 52 microg/ml for the 10 and 25 mg/kg doses respectively.
- The absorption half-life was established as 13 minutes, and bioavailability was between 71 to 100%.
- During the six-day period, no adverse health effects were observed in the foals.
- While certain serum markers and urine enzyme activity showed changes, all measurements stayed within reference ranges.
- Although one foal had evident gastric ulcers, no gross or histological kidney lesions associated with ibuprofen were found at necropsy.
Conclusions
- The study concluded that ibuprofen can be given safely to foals at dosages up to 25 mg/kg every eight hours for a maximum of six days.
Cite This Article
APA
Breuhaus BA, DeGraves FJ, Honore EK, Papich MG.
(1999).
Pharmacokinetics of ibuprofen after intravenous and oral administration and assessment of safety of administration to healthy foals.
Am J Vet Res, 60(9), 1066-1073.
Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Food Animal and Equine Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27606, USA.
MeSH Terms
- Administration, Oral
- Alkaline Phosphatase / blood
- Animals
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / administration & dosage
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / blood
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / pharmacokinetics
- Area Under Curve
- Aspartate Aminotransferases / blood
- Blood Chemical Analysis / veterinary
- Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / veterinary
- Creatinine / blood
- Creatinine / urine
- Female
- Half-Life
- Horses / metabolism
- Ibuprofen / administration & dosage
- Ibuprofen / blood
- Ibuprofen / pharmacokinetics
- Injections, Intravenous / veterinary
- L-Iditol 2-Dehydrogenase / blood
- Male
- Osmolar Concentration
- Serum Albumin / analysis
- Urinalysis / veterinary
- gamma-Glutamyltransferase / blood
- gamma-Glutamyltransferase / urine
Grant Funding
- HL37085 / NHLBI NIH HHS
Citations
This article has been cited 2 times.- Walsh P, Carvallo Chaigneau FR, Anderson M, Behrens N, McEligot H, Gunnarson B, Gershwin LJ. Adverse effects of a 10-day course of ibuprofen in Holstein calves. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2016 Oct;39(5):518-21.
- Lewis S. Gastric ulceration in an equine neonate. Can Vet J 2003 May;44(5):420-1.
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