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Emerging infectious diseases2004; 10(7); 1314-1317; doi: 10.3201/eid1007.030959

Phylogenetic analysis of West Nile virus, Nuevo Leon State, Mexico.

Abstract: West Nile virus RNA was detected in brain tissue from a horse that died in June 2003 in Nuevo Leon State, Mexico. Nucleotide sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the premembrane and envelope genes showed that the virus was most closely related to West Nile virus isolates collected in Texas in 2002.
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Publication Date: 2004-08-25 PubMed ID: 15324558PubMed Central: PMC3323327DOI: 10.3201/eid1007.030959Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research is about the detection and analysis of West Nile virus found in a horse that died in Nuevo Leon State, Mexico. Through genetic sequencing and phylogenetic analysis, researchers found that this virus was most closely related to versions of the virus found in Texas in 2002.

Investigation and Detection

  • The research began with the detection of West Nile virus RNA in the brain tissue of a horse that died in June 2003 in Nuevo Leon State, Mexico. This indicates that the presence of the virus was the likely cause of the animal’s death.
  • Using molecular techniques, the scientists were then able to isolate and identify the constituents of the virus. Such techniques usually involve PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) and other biochemical tools to identify and segment the viral RNA.

Sequencing and Analysis

  • Following the detection of the virus, nucleotide sequencing was carried out. This is a process by which the order of nucleotides (A, C, G, T) in the DNA or RNA of the virus is determined.
  • The sequencing focused particularly on the premembrane and envelope genes of the virus. These encode for the structural parts of the virus and are influential in the virus’s disease-causing properties.

Phylogenetic Analysis

  • After sequencing, the researchers carried out a phylogenetic analysis. This involves constructing a ‘family tree’ for the virus, showing its relationship to other known strains of West Nile virus.
  • Through this analysis, a close relation was discerned between the Nuevo Leon strain of the West Nile virus and isolates collected in Texas in 2002. This suggests that the same (or a very closely related) strain of the virus had spread between these two locations within a span of one year.

Implications and Conclusions

  • The findings could be consequential for understanding and stopping the spread of West Nile virus. Understanding where and how quickly different strains move could be key to predicting and controlling future outbreaks.
  • This study by itself does not provide all the answers but is part of a larger body of research on the West Nile virus. The movements and genetic rearrangements of this virus are continuous, and so must be the research.

Cite This Article

APA
Blitvich BJ, Fernández-Salas I, Contreras-Cordero JF, Loroño-Pino MA, Marlenee NL, Díaz FJ, González-Rojas JI, Obregón-Martínez N, Chiu-García JA, Black WC, Beaty BJ. (2004). Phylogenetic analysis of West Nile virus, Nuevo Leon State, Mexico. Emerg Infect Dis, 10(7), 1314-1317. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1007.030959

Publication

Emerging infectious diseases
ISSN: 1080-6040
NlmUniqueID: 9508155
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 10
Issue: 7
Pages: 1314-1317

Researcher Affiliations

Blitvich, Bradley J
  • Colorado State University, Fort Collins, USA.
Fernández-Salas, Ildefonso
    Contreras-Cordero, Juan F
      Loroño-Pino, María A
        Marlenee, Nicole L
          Díaz, Francisco J
            González-Rojas, José I
              Obregón-Martínez, Nelson
                Chiu-García, Jorge A
                  Black, William C
                    Beaty, Barry J

                      MeSH Terms

                      • Animals
                      • Horse Diseases / epidemiology
                      • Horse Diseases / virology
                      • Horses / virology
                      • Male
                      • Mexico / epidemiology
                      • Molecular Sequence Data
                      • Phylogeny
                      • Sequence Analysis, DNA
                      • Viral Envelope Proteins / genetics
                      • West Nile Fever / epidemiology
                      • West Nile Fever / veterinary
                      • West Nile Fever / virology
                      • West Nile virus / classification
                      • West Nile virus / genetics
                      • West Nile virus / isolation & purification

                      Grant Funding

                      • N01AI25489 / NIAID NIH HHS
                      • U01 AI045430 / NIAID NIH HHS
                      • AI45430 / NIAID NIH HHS
                      • U50 CCU820510 / ODCDC CDC HHS
                      • N01-AI25489 / NIAID NIH HHS

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