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Frontiers in veterinary science2024; 11; 1488942; doi: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1488942

Pilot study characterizing a single pooled preparation of equine platelet lysate for nebulization in the horse.

Abstract: Platelet lysate (PL) demonstrates antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties offering potential for treatment of bacterial pneumonia in horses. It remains unknown whether nebulization is suitable for PL administration in horses. This pilot study characterized particle size and flow rate of pooled equine PL (single preparation) nebulized using an equine-specific nebulizer (Flexivent®). Unassigned: Protein composition and antimicrobial activity were compared before and after nebulization. Protein composition was evaluated according to growth factor, antimicrobial peptide and cytokine concentrations and proteomic analysis. To evaluate antimicrobial activity, bacterial growth inhibition [maximum growth (μmax); carrying capacity (K)] were determined for E. coli, Streptococcus equi subsp zooepidemicus and Rhodococcus equi (WT and MDR) using pre- and post-nebulized PL concentrations of 50%. Unassigned: Flow rate and median particle size were 0.8 ml/min and 4.991 μm with 52% of particles ≤ 5 μm. Differences in PL protein composition were detected with nebulization. For E. coli and S. zooepidemicus, nebulization did not alter effect of PL on growth parameters. PL treatments decreased K for S. zooepidemicus (p = 0.009) compared to BHI. For R. equi K was increased post- vs. pre-nebulization (WT and MDR) and μmax increased pre- vs, post-nebulization (MDR). PL treatments increased K and μmax for MDR R. equi and μmax for WT R. equi compared to BHI (p ≤ 0.05). Unassigned: Nebulization of PL in vitro is technically feasible. The results of this study support further investigation to better characterize the effect of nebulization on PL and its suitability for nebulization in horses.
Copyright © 2024 Egli, Boone, Huber, Higgins, Gaonkar, Arrington, Naskou, Peroni, Gordon and Lascola.
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Publication Date: 2024-12-12 PubMed ID: 39726585PubMed Central: PMC11670369DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1488942Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research is a preliminary investigation into the nebulization of equine platelet lysate (PL) and its potential as a treatment method for bacterial pneumonia in horses. The size of nebulized particles and flow rate of PL were analyzed, along with alterations in protein composition and antimicrobial effectiveness post-nebulization.

Study Design and Process

  • The study used a single pooled preparation of equine platelet lysate (PL). This substance has shown potential for the treatment of bacterial pneumonia, a common equine disease. The researchers looked at PL’s protein composition and whether it changed pre- and post-nebulisation.
  • The process of nebulization involves using a device (in this case, an equine-specific nebulizer named Flexivent) to create a mist of tiny particles that can be inhaled directly into the lungs.
  • To assess the antimicrobial activity of the PL, the study analyzed the ability of pre- and post-nebulized PL to hinder bacterial growth.

Key Findings

  • The nebulization process resulted in a median particle size of around 5 micrometers, with the majority (52%) being smaller or equal to that size. The flow rate was measured to be 0.8 milliliters per minute.
  • Changes were observed in the protein composition of the PL after nebulization, suggesting that the physical process of nebulization might alter the PL’s properties.
  • In terms of bacterial growth inhibition, the effect of the PL remained unchanged for certain types of bacteria following nebulization.

Conclusion

  • The results demonstrate that nebulization of equine platelet lysate is technically feasible, and that the nebulizer used in this study could potentially be employed as a delivery method for treating bacterial pneumonia in horses.
  • However, the changes observed after nebulization indicate that more research is required to fully understand the effects of nebulization on PL and its ultimate suitability as a form of equine treatment.

Cite This Article

APA
Egli P, Boone L, Huber L, Higgins C, Gaonkar PP, Arrington J, Naskou MC, Peroni J, Gordon J, Lascola KM. (2024). Pilot study characterizing a single pooled preparation of equine platelet lysate for nebulization in the horse. Front Vet Sci, 11, 1488942. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2024.1488942

Publication

Frontiers in veterinary science
ISSN: 2297-1769
NlmUniqueID: 101666658
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 11
Pages: 1488942

Researcher Affiliations

Egli, Patricia
  • Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States.
Boone, Lindsey
  • Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States.
Huber, Laura
  • Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States.
Higgins, Courtney
  • Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States.
Gaonkar, Pankaj P
  • Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States.
Arrington, Justine
  • Roy J. Carver Biotechnology Center, Proteomics Core, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United States.
Naskou, Maria C
  • Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States.
Peroni, John
  • JF Peroni Laboratory, Department of Large Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States.
Gordon, Julie
  • JF Peroni Laboratory, Department of Large Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States.
Lascola, Kara M
  • Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States.

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

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