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Cytokine induction in pulmonary airways of horses with heaves and effect of therapy with inhaled fluticasone propionate.
Abstract: Work in humans and laboratory animals has identified a central role for cytokines and chemokines in development and persistence of lower airway inflammation. The objectives of this study were to determine interleukin (IL)-1 beta, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, interferon (IFN)-gamma and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha induction in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) of control horses and horses with heaves both during remission and exacerbation of the disease, and to determine the effect of therapy with inhaled fluticasone propionate on the cytokine profile of horses with heaves. IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha mRNA expression was significantly higher in horses with heaves after exposure to moldy hay compared to either values obtained during clinical remission or to healthy controls. IL-8 mRNA expression and protein concentrations were significantly higher in horses with heaves than in controls. Both IL-4 and IFN-gamma mRNA expression was increased at various times in heaves-susceptible horses compared to controls. IL-2, IL-5 and IL-10 mRNA expression was not detected in BAL cells of either group. Therapy with inhaled fluticasone propionate after induction of a severe heaves exacerbation resulted in complete resolution of clinical signs, normalization of pulmonary function tests, and significant decrease in BAL neutrophilia. This was associated with a significant decrease in IL-4 mRNA expression and increase in IFN-gamma/IL-4 ratio in horses with heaves. These results demonstrate the clinical efficacy of inhaled fluticasone propionate for the treatment of heaves and suggest a role for cytokines in the development of lower airway inflammation in heaves-susceptible horses.
Publication Date: 2002-04-12 PubMed ID: 11943316DOI: 10.1016/s0165-2427(01)00420-2Google Scholar: Lookup The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
- Bronchoalveolar Lavage
- Clinical Study
- Clinical Symptoms
- Cytokines
- Diagnosis
- Disease Diagnosis
- Disease Etiology
- Disease Treatment
- Equine Health
- Horses
- Immune Response
- In Vivo
- Inflammation
- Inflammatory Response
- Interleukins
- Lung Health
- Pharmacology
- Recurrent Airway Obstruction
- Respiratory Health
- Veterinary Medicine
- Veterinary Research
Summary
This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.
The research shows that cytokines, substances secreted by specific cells of the immune system, are involved in the onset and progression of lower airway inflammation in horses with a respiratory condition called heaves. Moreover, the study finds that treatment with an inhaled medication called fluticasone propionate can effectively alleviate the symptoms of heaves.
Objectives and Methods of the Study
- The objectives of this research were to study the induction of various interleukins (IL) and other cytokines in horses with heaves during the different stages of the disease, and to investigate the effects of therapy with inhaled fluticasone propionate on the cytokine profile of these horses.
- The research carried out Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), a medical procedure in which a bronchoscope is passed through the mouth or nose into the lungs and fluid is squirted into a small part of the lung and then collected for examination.
- In BAL fluids, the study tested for the presence of several cytokines such as IL-1 beta, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IFN-gamma, and TNF-alpha.
Findings
- Increased IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha mRNA expression was found in horses with heaves after exposure to moldy hay compared to when the disease was in remission or in healthy horses. mRNA expression is the process that converts the information coded in a gene to a final gene product.
- Both IL-4 and IFN-gamma mRNA expressions were found to be higher in affected horses at various times compared to healthy horses.
- Interestingly, expression of IL-2, IL-5, and IL-10 mRNA was not detected in BAL cells of either the controls or horses with heaves.
Therapy Outcomes
- Administration of inhaled fluticasone propionate after an intense flare-up of heaves led to complete resolution of clinical signs, normalization of lung function tests, and a significant reduction in BAL neutrophilia (an increased level of immune cells called neutrophils which is often a sign of inflammation).
- Therapy was associated with a decrease in IL-4 mRNA expression and an increase in the ratio of IFN-gamma to IL-4, potentially indicative of a favorable immune response.
Conclusion
- The study demonstrates the clinical efficacy of inhaled fluticasone propionate for treatment of heaves in horses. It confirms previous observations in humans and lab animals that cytokines play a crucial role in lower airway inflammation.
Cite This Article
APA
Giguu00e8re S, Viel L, Lee E, MacKay RJ, Hernandez J, Franchini M.
(2002).
Cytokine induction in pulmonary airways of horses with heaves and effect of therapy with inhaled fluticasone propionate.
Vet Immunol Immunopathol, 85(3-4), 147-158.
https://doi.org/10.1016/s0165-2427(01)00420-2 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, P.O. Box 100136, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA. gigueres@mail.vetmed.ufl.edu
MeSH Terms
- Androstadienes / immunology
- Androstadienes / therapeutic use
- Animals
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents / immunology
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents / therapeutic use
- Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / chemistry
- Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / cytology
- Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / immunology
- Cell Count / veterinary
- Cytokines / analysis
- Cytokines / biosynthesis
- Cytokines / genetics
- Fluticasone
- Horse Diseases / drug therapy
- Horse Diseases / immunology
- Horse Diseases / metabolism
- Horses
- Lung Diseases / drug therapy
- Lung Diseases / immunology
- Lung Diseases / metabolism
- Lung Diseases / veterinary
- RNA, Messenger / biosynthesis
- RNA, Messenger / genetics
- Respiratory Function Tests / veterinary
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / veterinary
- Statistics, Nonparametric
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