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Home / Equine Research Bank / Animals (Basel) / Prevalence of Ca Blood Type and Alloantibodies in a Populati...
Animals : an open access journal from MDPI2020; 10(7); doi: 10.3390/ani10071179

Prevalence of Ca Blood Type and Alloantibodies in a Population of Horses from Italy.

Abstract: A knowledge of the blood groups and alloantibodies present is essential for the safe transfusion of blood products in horses. Pre-transfusion screening and blood typing minimizes the risk of incompatible RBC transfusions and prevents immunization of the recipient against incompatible RBC antigens. The frequencies of blood groups can vary among different breeds. Knowledge of a breed's blood group prevalence can be very useful for identifying the best blood donors during transfusion in clinical practice. The aims of this study were to estimate the prevalence of the Ca blood type in horses from Italy using a monoclonal immunocromatographic method and to estimate the prevalence of anti-Ca alloantibodies in Ca- horses using agglutination on gel technique. Ca blood type was determined on 110 whole blood samples. The prevalence of the Ca+ blood type was 79.1%. This study also provides data about the prevalence of Ca+ blood group in Italian Saddle Horses (77,3%) and Dutch Warmblood (58,3%). No significant association was found between Ca blood type and sex with 79.5% and 78.8% of females and males testing Ca+, respectively. The total number of Ca- samples with detectable anti-Ca alloantibodies was 7/23 (30.4%).
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Publication Date: 2020-07-13 PubMed ID: 32668596PubMed Central: PMC7401544DOI: 10.3390/ani10071179Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research study is about the prevalence of the Ca blood type and its related alloantibodies in a population of Italian horses, providing key understanding for safe blood transfusions in equine clinical practice.

Study Background and Purpose

  • The transfusion of blood products in horses requires an understanding of the different blood groups and associated alloantibodies. This helps minimize risks associated with incompatible red blood cell (RBC) transfusions and prevents the recipient horse from developing immunity against the incompatible RBC antigens.
  • The frequency of horse blood groups varies widely among different breeds, making it important to understand a breed’s blood group prevalence for effective identification of blood donors during clinical transfusions.
  • The main objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence of the Ca blood type in Italian horses using a defined immunocromatographic method, and also assess the prevalence of anti-Ca alloantibodies present in Ca-negative horses using the agglutination on gel technique.

Methods and Results

  • Blood type Ca was determined in a total of 110 whole blood samples.
  • The study found a high prevalence of 79.1% for the Ca+ blood type in the tested subjects. Specific data was also provided for the prevalence of the Ca+ blood group in Italian Saddle Horses (77.3%) and Dutch Warmbloods (58.3%).
  • There were no significant associations found between the Ca blood type and sex. Similar proportions of female and male subjects tested positive for the Ca+ blood type (79.5% and 78.8%, respectively).
  • Of the Ca-negative samples, 30.4% were found to have detectable anti-Ca alloantibodies. This finding implies that some horses with the Ca- blood type have developed immunological responses to Ca-positive blood.

Study Implications

  • The data provided in the study can provide valuable guidance in equine clinical practice, especially in planning for safe transfusions.
  • The high prevalence of the Ca+ blood type can aid in the selection of blood donors, while awareness of the potential existence of anti-Ca alloantibodies in Ca-negative horses can guide clinical precautions to avoid immunological complications.
  • The thorough understanding of the specific blood group prevalence in different horse breeds from this study can assist in streamlining blood transfusion procedures and improving patient safety in horse veterinary care.

Cite This Article

APA
Proverbio D, Perego R, Baggiani L, Ferrucci F, Zucca E, Nobile F, Spada E. (2020). Prevalence of Ca Blood Type and Alloantibodies in a Population of Horses from Italy. Animals (Basel), 10(7). https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10071179

Publication

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI
ISSN: 2076-2615
NlmUniqueID: 101635614
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 10
Issue: 7

Researcher Affiliations

Proverbio, Daniela
  • Veterinary Transfusion Research Laboratory (REVLab), Department of Veterinary Medicine (DIMEVET), University of Milan, via dell'Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy.
Perego, Roberta
  • Veterinary Transfusion Research Laboratory (REVLab), Department of Veterinary Medicine (DIMEVET), University of Milan, via dell'Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy.
Baggiani, Luciana
  • Veterinary Transfusion Research Laboratory (REVLab), Department of Veterinary Medicine (DIMEVET), University of Milan, via dell'Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy.
Ferrucci, Francesco
  • Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety (VESPA), University of Milan, via dell'Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy.
Zucca, Enrica
  • Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety (VESPA), University of Milan, via dell'Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy.
Nobile, Federico
  • Veterinary pratictioner, Via Budrio 44, 20153 Milan, Italy.
Spada, Eva
  • Veterinary Transfusion Research Laboratory (REVLab), Department of Veterinary Medicine (DIMEVET), University of Milan, via dell'Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy.

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Citations

This article has been cited 5 times.
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  4. Kamm JL, Riley CB, Parlane NA, Gee EK, McIlwraith CW. Immune response to allogeneic equine mesenchymal stromal cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021 Nov 12;12(1):570.
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