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Home / Equine Research Bank / Animals (Basel) / Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Characterization of Multidrug ...
Animals : an open access journal from MDPI2020; 10(3); 523; doi: 10.3390/ani10030523

Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Characterization of Multidrug Resistant and ESBL/AmpC Producing Escherichia coli in Healthy Horses in Quebec, Canada, in 2015-2016.

Abstract: Although antimicrobial resistance is an increasing threat in equine medicine, molecular and epidemiological data remain limited in North America. We assessed the prevalence of, and risk factors for, shedding multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and/or AmpC β-lactamase-producing in healthy horses in Quebec, Canada. We collected fecal samples in 225 healthy adult horses from 32 premises. A questionnaire on facility management and horse medical history was completed for each horse. Indicator (without enrichment) and specific (following enrichment with ceftriaxone) were isolated and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility. The presence of ESBL/AmpC genes was determined by PCR. The prevalence of isolates that were non-susceptible to antimicrobials and to antimicrobial classes were estimated at the horse and the premises level. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess potential risk factors for MDR and ESBL/AmpC isolates. The shedding of MDR was detected in 46.3% of horses. Non-susceptibility was most commonly observed to ampicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid or streptomycin. ESBL/AmpC producing isolates were detected in 7.3% of horses. The most commonly identified ESBL/AmpC gene was , although we also identified . The number of staff and equestrian event participation were identified as risk factors for shedding MDR isolates. The prevalence of healthy horses harboring MDR or ESBL/AmpC genes isolates in their intestinal microbiota is noteworthy. We identified risk factors which could help to develop guidelines to preclude their spread.
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Publication Date: 2020-03-20 PubMed ID: 32245112PubMed Central: PMC7143171DOI: 10.3390/ani10030523Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research paper discusses the occurrence, possible causes, and description of multidrug resistant and the presence of particular types of enzymes, in a specific type of bacteria found in healthy horses in Quebec, Canada, during the years 2015-2016.

Study Design and Procedure

  • The researchers aimed to gauge the existence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and enzyme-producing Escherichia coli (E. coli), a common type of bacteria, in healthy horses.
  • The study was carried out in Quebec, Canada; 225 healthy adult horses from 32 facilities were the subjects of the study.
  • Fecal samples were collected from each horse and subsequently tested for antimicrobial susceptibility to understand the level of resistance the E. coli had to various drugs.
  • A questionnaire regarding the horses’ medical history and the facilities’ management practices was filled out for each horse to identify potential risk factors.

Key Findings

  • The research detected the shedding of MDR E. coli in 46.3% of horses, highlighting a significant prevalence of this strain of bacteria in the horse population.
  • Most of these E. coli were resistant to common antimicrobials such as ampicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, and streptomycin.
  • E. coli, producing particular types of enzymes (ESBL/AmpC), were detected in 7.3% of the horses. The presence of such enzymes is significant as they provide resistance to antibiotics.

Risk Factors

  • The study discovered that the number of staff at the facility and the participation of horses in equestrian events were the two significant risk factors for shedding MDR E. coli.
  • This suggests that these factors could contribute to the development and spread of antibiotic resistance and enzyme-producing strains among horse populations.

Implications

  • The findings underline a significant prevalence of drug-resistant and enzyme-producing E. coli among healthy horses.
  • The research helps shed light on the risk factors, helping develop guidelines to reduce the spread of MDR and ESBL/AmpC-producing E. coli.

Cite This Article

APA
de Lagarde M, Fairbrother JM, Arsenault J. (2020). Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Characterization of Multidrug Resistant and ESBL/AmpC Producing Escherichia coli in Healthy Horses in Quebec, Canada, in 2015-2016. Animals (Basel), 10(3), 523. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10030523

Publication

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI
ISSN: 2076-2615
NlmUniqueID: 101635614
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 10
Issue: 3
PII: 523

Researcher Affiliations

de Lagarde, Maud
  • OIE Reference Laboratory for Escherichia coli, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC J2S2M2, Canada.
Fairbrother, John M
  • OIE Reference Laboratory for Escherichia coli, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC J2S2M2, Canada.
Arsenault, Julie
  • Epidemiology of Zoonoses and Public Health Research Unit (GREZOSP), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC J2S2M2, Canada.

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Citations

This article has been cited 4 times.
  1. Pimenta J, Pinto AR, Saavedra MJ, Cotovio M. Equine Gram-Negative Oral Microbiota: An Antimicrobial Resistances Watcher?. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023 Apr 21;12(4).
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  2. Cormier AC, Chalmers G, Zamudio R, Mulvey MR, Mather AE, Boerlin P. Diversity of blaCTX-M-1-carrying plasmids recovered from Escherichia coli isolated from Canadian domestic animals.. PLoS One 2022;17(3):e0264439.
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  3. Shnaiderman-Torban A, Marchaim D, Navon-Venezia S, Lubrani O, Paitan Y, Arielly H, Steinman A. Third Generation Cephalosporin Resistant Enterobacterales Infections in Hospitalized Horses and Donkeys: A Case-Case-Control Analysis.. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021 Feb 4;10(2).
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  4. Steinman A, Navon-Venezia S. Antimicrobial Resistance in Horses.. Animals (Basel) 2020 Jul 9;10(7).
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