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Home / Equine Research Bank / J Vet Intern Med / Prevalence, risk factors, and characterization of multidrug ...
Journal of veterinary internal medicine2019; 33(2); 902-911; doi: 10.1111/jvim.15415

Prevalence, risk factors, and characterization of multidrug resistant and extended spectrum β-lactamase/AmpC β-lactamase producing Escherichia coli in healthy horses in France in 2015.

Abstract: Although antimicrobial resistance is increasingly common in equine medicine, molecular and epidemiological data remains scarce. Objective: We estimated the prevalence of, and risk factors for, shedding of multidrug resistant (MDR), extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing, and AmpC β-lactamase-producing, or some combination of these in Escherichia coli in horses in France. We characterized ESBL/AmpC isolates for antimicrobial susceptibility and the presence of virulence and ESBL/AmpC-associated resistance genes. Methods: Fecal samples from healthy adult horses at 41 premises were collected. A questionnaire was completed by each premises manager. A subset of these samples was tested to build 2 bacterial collections. Methods: Indicator (without enrichment) and specific (enrichment with ceftriaxone) E. coli tested for antimicrobial susceptibility. Prevalence of isolates nonsusceptible to antimicrobials was estimated at the horse and the premises level. The ESBL/AmpC and virulence genes were identified by PCR. Multivariable logistic regression was used to investigate risk factors for MDR and ESBL/AmpC isolates at premises. Results: Approximately 44% of horses shed MDR E. coli. Resistance most commonly was observed to ampicillin, streptomycin, and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid. Twenty-nine percent of premises housed horses shedding ESBL/AmpC-producing isolates. The ESBL/AmpC gene most commonly identified was bla . Virulence gene iutA was identified in 1 ESBL/AmpC-producing isolate. Medical treatment, staff numbers, and activity were identified as risk factors for housing horses shedding ESBL/AmpC-producing E. coli isolates. Conclusions: Prevalence of healthy horses harboring ESBL/AmpC genes and MDR isolates in their intestinal microbiota is substantial. Risk factors could be used to elaborate guidelines to prevent their dissemination.
© 2019 The Authors. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.
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Publication Date: 2019-01-15 PubMed ID: 30648296PubMed Central: PMC6430864DOI: 10.1111/jvim.15415Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article investigates the growing problem of drug resistance in horses, focusing on the prevalence, risk factors, and characterization of Escherichia coli (E. coli) strains that display multi-drug resistance and produce specialized enzymes impeding antibiotic effectiveness. This study gives insight into the epidemic of drug resistance in equine medicine, detailing specific risk factors and potential strategies for prevention.

Methodology

  • The study involved the collection of fecal samples from healthy adult horses across 41 different premises. Additionally, each premises manager completed a questionnaire.
  • A subset of these samples underwent testing to construct two bacterial collections.
  • The gathered E. coli samples, both indicator (without enrichment) and specific (enrichment with ceftriaxone), underwent antimicrobial susceptibility testing.
  • The researchers estimated the prevalence of antimicrobial non-susceptible isolates at both the horse and premises level.
  • The team used PCR to identify the ESBL/AmpC and virulence genes.
  • Lastly, the researchers used multivariable logistic regression to investigate the risk factors for MDR and ESBL/AmpC isolates at the different premises.

Results

  • The study found that 44% of horses evaluated were shedding multidrug-resistant (MDR) E. coli.
  • Ampicillin, streptomycin, and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid were the drugs to which resistance was most commonly observed.
  • Approximately 29% of premises housed horses shedding ESBL/AmpC-producing isolates.
  • The ESBL/AmpC gene most commonly identified was bla.
  • They found the virulence gene iutA in only one ESBL/AmpC-producing isolate.
  • Factors such as medical treatment, staff numbers, and activity were identified as risk factors for housing horses shedding ESBL/AmpC-producing E. coli isolates.

Conclusion

  • The research found a notable prevalence of healthy horses harboring ESBL/AmpC genes and multidrug-resistant isolates in their intestinal microbiota.
  • The identified risk factors could be used to create guidelines to prevent the spread of these resistant bacteria.

Cite This Article

APA
de Lagarde M, Larrieu C, Praud K, Schouler C, Doublet B, Sallé G, Fairbrother JM, Arsenault J. (2019). Prevalence, risk factors, and characterization of multidrug resistant and extended spectrum β-lactamase/AmpC β-lactamase producing Escherichia coli in healthy horses in France in 2015. J Vet Intern Med, 33(2), 902-911. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.15415

Publication

Journal of veterinary internal medicine
ISSN: 1939-1676
NlmUniqueID: 8708660
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 33
Issue: 2
Pages: 902-911

Researcher Affiliations

de Lagarde, Maud
  • OIE Reference Laboratory for Escherichia coli, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, Q, Canada.
Larrieu, Caroline
  • ISP, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université François Rabelais de Tours, Nouzilly, France.
Praud, Karine
  • ISP, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université François Rabelais de Tours, Nouzilly, France.
Schouler, Catherine
  • ISP, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université François Rabelais de Tours, Nouzilly, France.
Doublet, Benoît
  • ISP, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université François Rabelais de Tours, Nouzilly, France.
Sallé, Guillaume
  • ISP, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université François Rabelais de Tours, Nouzilly, France.
Fairbrother, John M
  • OIE Reference Laboratory for Escherichia coli, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, Q, Canada.
Arsenault, Julie
  • Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, Q, Canada.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Bacterial Proteins / biosynthesis
  • Bacterial Proteins / genetics
  • Drug Resistance, Multiple / genetics
  • Escherichia coli / enzymology
  • Escherichia coli / genetics
  • Escherichia coli / isolation & purification
  • Escherichia coli Infections / epidemiology
  • Escherichia coli Infections / veterinary
  • Feces / microbiology
  • France / epidemiology
  • Horse Diseases / microbiology
  • Horses
  • Microbial Sensitivity Tests
  • Prevalence
  • Risk Factors
  • Virulence / genetics
  • beta-Lactamases / biosynthesis
  • beta-Lactamases / genetics

Grant Funding

  • Institut national de recherche agro-alimentaire (INRA)
  • l'Institut Francais du cheval et de l'u00e9quitation (IFCE)
  • OIE Reference Laboratory for E. coli

Conflict of Interest Statement

Authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Citations

This article has been cited 9 times.
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