Primary renal cell carcinoma in two horses.

This research examines the manifestation of renal cell carcinoma (RCC), a type of kidney cancer, in two horses. It recognizes the similar prevalence of RCC in horses and dogs, which is higher than in cattle, cats, or swine.

Objective

The primary focus of this study was to investigate, diagnose, and analyze the occurrences of renal cell carcinoma (a type of kidney cancer) within two horses and compare its prevalence to other animals like dogs, cattle, cats, and swine over a period between 1953 and 1976 at the New York State College of Veterinary Medicine.

Case Findings

• Among the two horses affected by RCC, one presented with significant ascites (abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity) without any additional symptoms of urinary tract disease.
• The second horse showed evidence of hematuria, the presence of blood in urine.
• In both horses, the presence of the tumors could be physically recognized as large perirenal masses (masses around the kidney).

Tumor Description and Impact

• In the first horse, the tumor had almost entirely supplanted the left kidney, with the cancer spreading to the serosal surfaces of several abdominal organs.
• For the second horse, the tumor was compressing the right kidney peripherally and had completely filled the renal pelvis (the center part of the kidney).

Comparison with Other Species

• A comparative analysis was made against other animals that underwent necropsy at the same veterinary college between 1953 and 1976.
• The prevalence of RCC in horses was found to be similar to that in dogs, suggesting a common susceptibility to this type of cancer among these species.
• Further, it was established that both horses and dogs had a higher occurrence of RCC compared to cattle, cats, or swine.

This study offers significant insights into the manifestation of kidney cancer in horses, and generates knowledge to improve diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Additionally, comparative studies between species provide a broader understanding of this disease that may be beneficial to both veterinary and human health science.