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Home / Equine Research Bank / BMC Vet Res / Procalcitonin as a biomarker in equine chronic pneumopathies...
BMC veterinary research2016; 12(1); 281; doi: 10.1186/s12917-016-0912-4

Procalcitonin as a biomarker in equine chronic pneumopathies.

Abstract: Procalcitonin (PCT), a precursor protein of the hormone calcitonin, is a sensitive inflammatory marker in human medicine, which is primarily used for diagnosis of bacterial sepsis, but is also useful in diagnosis of exacerbation of asthma and COPD. In this study, PCT was evaluated as a potential biomarker for different chronic pneumopathies in the horse using an equine specific ELISA in comparison to established clinical markers and different interleukins. Sixty-four horses were classified as free of respiratory disease, recurrent airway obstruction (RAO), inflammatory airway disease (IAD) or chronic interstitial pneumopathy (CIP) using a scoring system. PCT concentrations were measured in plasma (n = 17) and in the cell-free supernatant of bronchoalveolar lavage (n = 64). PCT concentrations were correlated to interleukins IL-1ß and IL-6 in BALF, clinical findings and BALF cytology. Results: The median PCT concentrations in plasma were increased in respiratory disease (174.46 ng/ml, n = 7) compared to controls (13.94 ng/ml, n = 10, P = 0.05) and correlated to PCT in BALF supernatant (rs = 0.48). Compared to controls (5.49 ng/ml, n = 15), median PCT concentrations in BALF supernatant correlated to the overall clinical score (rs = 0.32, P = 0.007) and were significantly increased in RAO (13.40 ng/ml, n = 21) and IAD (16.89 ng/ml, n = 16), while no differences were found for CIP (12.02 ng/ml, n = 12). No significant increases were found for IL-1 and IL-6 between controls and respiratory disease in general as well as different disease groups. Conclusions: Although some correlations were found between PCT in plasma, BALF supernatant and clinical scores, PCT in BALF does not seem to be a superior marker compared to established clinical markers. PCT in plasma seems to be more promising and a greater number of samples should be evaluated in further studies.
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Publication Date: 2016-12-09 PubMed ID: 27938364PubMed Central: PMC5148850DOI: 10.1186/s12917-016-0912-4Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research paper investigates the potential use of Procalcitonin (PCT), an inflammatory biomarker common in human medicine, to diagnose different chronic lung diseases in horses.

Background and Objectives

  • The study interrogates the potential of Procalcitonin (PCT), a precursor protein of calcitonin hormone and a sensitive inflammatory marker in human medicine, as a diagnostic tool for various chronic lung diseases in horses.
  • The research specifically uses an equine specific ELISA, a common diagnostic tool, to evaluate PCT alongside traditional clinical markers and different interleukins (types of proteins that act as communication molecules in the immune system).

Methodology

  • Sixty-four horses, divided into groups based on whether they were free from respiratory disease, had a recurrent airway obstruction (RAO), inflammatory airway disease (IAD), or chronic interstitial pneumopathy (CIP), were involved in the study.
  • PCT concentrations were measured in plasma and in the cell-free supernatant of bronchoalveolar lavage, a procedure in which a bronchoscope is inserted into the airways to collect cells and particles from the lung’s bronchi and alveoli.
  • The concentrations were then correlated to interleukins IL-1ß and IL-6 in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), alongside other clinical findings and BALF cytology.

Results

  • Findings showed a higher median PCT concentration in plasma in horses with respiratory disease, and this concentration correlated to PCT in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.
  • The median PCT concentration in the BALF supernatant correlated to the overall clinical score and was significantly increased in cases of recurrent airway obstruction and inflammatory airway disease.
  • Chronic interstitial pneumopathy cases exhibited no significant differences, and no significant increases were observed in interleukin-1 and interleukin-6 between controls and horses with respiratory disorders, either in general or between different disease groups.

Conclusions

  • The conclusion drawn is that although some correlations were found between PCT in plasma, BALF supernatant, and clinical scores, it does not appear that PCT in BALF is a superior marker to established clinical markers.
  • However, it suggests that PCT in plasma may be a stronger candidate for equine respiratory disease diagnosis and thus warrants further studies using a larger sample size.

Cite This Article

APA
Barton AK, Pelli A, Rieger M, Gehlen H. (2016). Procalcitonin as a biomarker in equine chronic pneumopathies. BMC Vet Res, 12(1), 281. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-016-0912-4

Publication

BMC veterinary research
ISSN: 1746-6148
NlmUniqueID: 101249759
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 12
Issue: 1
Pages: 281
PII: 281

Researcher Affiliations

Barton, Ann Kristin
  • Equine Clinic, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Oertzenweg 19b, 10163, Berlin, Germany. Ann-Kristin.Barton@fu-berlin.de.
Pelli, Anna
  • Equine Clinic, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Oertzenweg 19b, 10163, Berlin, Germany.
Rieger, Martin
  • Research unit microbe-plant interactions, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.
Gehlen, Heidrun
  • Equine Clinic, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Oertzenweg 19b, 10163, Berlin, Germany.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Biomarkers / blood
  • Biomarkers / metabolism
  • Calcitonin / blood
  • Calcitonin / metabolism
  • Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
  • Female
  • Horse Diseases / blood
  • Horse Diseases / metabolism
  • Horses
  • Interleukin-1beta / blood
  • Interleukin-6 / blood
  • Male
  • Protein Precursors / blood
  • Protein Precursors / metabolism
  • Respiratory Tract Diseases / blood
  • Respiratory Tract Diseases / metabolism
  • Respiratory Tract Diseases / veterinary

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Citations

This article has been cited 4 times.
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