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Recent advances in molecular epidemiology and detection of Taylorella equigenitalis associated with contagious equine metritis (CEM).
Abstract: In the present review article, recent molecular advances relating to studies with Taylorella equigenitalis, as well as the recently described second species of the genus Taylorella, namely Taylorella asinigenitalis, have been described. Molecular genotyping of T. equigenitalis strains by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) after digestion with the suitable restriction enzyme(s) enabled the effective discrimination of strains, thus allowing the examination of the scientific mechanism(s) for its occurrence and transmission of contagious equine metritis (CEM). Alternatively, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and nucleotide sequencing of the 16S ribosomal DNA sequence and/or the other species specific sequence(s) as targets were confirmed to be effective for identification of T. equigenitalis. These new analytical methods at the genomic DNA level also enabled the discrimination of the newly discovered donkey-related T. asinigenitalis from T. equigenitalis, and moreover, the performance of phylogenetic analysis of genus Taylorella organisms with other closely related genera. Furthermore, detailed analysis of the genes responsible for CEM within the T. equigenitalis genome would be useful to help elucidate the pathogenic virulence and transmission mechanisms associated with the important equine pathogen associated with CEM.
Publication Date: 2003-11-26 PubMed ID: 14637043DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2003.08.001Google Scholar: Lookup The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
- Review
- Contagious Equine Metritis
- Diagnosis
- Disease control
- Disease Diagnosis
- Disease Management
- Disease Transmission
- Disease Treatment
- DNA
- Epidemiology
- Equine Diseases
- Equine Health
- Genomics
- Genotyping
- Horses
- Infectious Disease
- Molecular biology
- Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Public Health
- Veterinary Medicine
- Veterinary Research
Summary
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The research article discusses recent breakthroughs in utilising molecular methods to study and identify the strains of Taylorella equigenitalis, a bacterium causing contagious equine metritis (CEM) in horses. It highlights the role of the genomic DNA analysis to distinguish this bacterium from a similar species and to understand its transmission mechanisms further.
Molecular Genotyping of T. equigenitalis
The study focused on examining strains of T. equigenitalis using molecular genotyping techniques:
- Researchers conducted a pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), a method used to separate large DNA molecules by applying an electric field. It helps to visualize and compare the DNA patterns of different bacteria strains.
- The DNA of T. equigenitalis was digested with specific restriction enzymes for better differentiation and identification of the bacterium. This process enabled the team to examine the origins and possible transmission paths of contagious equine metritis (CEM).
PCR Amplification and Nucleotide Sequencing
The study used an alternate identification method focused on 16S ribosomal DNA:
- They used a Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) to amplify and make multiple copies of the desired DNA. This method allows them to examine the genetic details of the bacterium more closely.
- Nucleotide sequencing of the 16S ribosomal DNA sequence and/or other specific sequences within the bacterium were proved to be effective for the identification of T. equigenitalis.
Genomic DNA Analysis and Phylogenetic Analysis
The article discusses the potential of genomic DNA analysis and the study of evolutionary relationships:
- The researchers used genomic DNA analysis to tell the difference between the newly discovered T. asinigenitalis from T. equigenitalis. This technique focuses on studying the entirety of an organism’s DNA sequence.
- Phylogenetic analysis allowed the study of evolutionary relationships within the genus Taylorella and compared them to other closely related genera. This method further helps in understanding how different species evolved over time.
Understanding CEM Transmission
The research delved into a more profound understanding of CEM caused by T. equigenitalis:
- The team studied the genes that might be responsible for CEM in the T. equigenitalis genome. This information could aid in finding more about the virulence of the disease and how it is transmitted.
- The research is essential for establishing preventive measures against this debilitating disease in horses.
Cite This Article
APA
Matsuda M, Moore JE.
(2003).
Recent advances in molecular epidemiology and detection of Taylorella equigenitalis associated with contagious equine metritis (CEM).
Vet Microbiol, 97(1-2), 111-122.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2003.08.001 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, School of Environmental Health Sciences, Azabu University, Fuchinobe 1-17-71, Sagamihara 229-8501, Japan. matsuda@azabu-u.ac.jp
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- DNA, Bacterial / chemistry
- DNA, Bacterial / genetics
- Female
- Genotype
- Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / epidemiology
- Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / microbiology
- Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / veterinary
- Horse Diseases / epidemiology
- Horse Diseases / microbiology
- Horses
- Male
- Molecular Epidemiology / methods
- Polymerase Chain Reaction / veterinary
- Taylorella equigenitalis / genetics
- Taylorella equigenitalis / isolation & purification
References
This article includes 53 references
Citations
This article has been cited 13 times.- Quiñones-Pérez C, Martínez A, Crespo F, Vega-Pla JL. Comparative Semen Microbiota Composition of a Stallion in a Taylorella equigenitalis Carrier and Non-Carrier State. Animals (Basel) 2020 May 17;10(5).
- May CE, Guthrie AJ, Schulman ML. Direct culture-independent sequence typing of Taylorella equigenitalis obtained from genital swabs and frozen semen samples from South African horses. J Vet Diagn Invest 2019 Sep;31(5):792-794.
- Hébert L, Touzain F, de Boisséson C, Breuil MF, Duquesne F, Laugier C, Blanchard Y, Petry S. Draft Genome Sequence of Taylorella equigenitalis Strain MCE529, Isolated from a Belgian Warmblood Horse. Genome Announc 2014 Nov 26;2(6).
- Allombert J, Vianney A, Laugier C, Petry S, Hébert L. Survival of taylorellae in the environmental amoeba Acanthamoeba castellanii. BMC Microbiol 2014 Mar 19;14:69.
- Ghosh W, Alam M, Roy C, Pyne P, George A, Chakraborty R, Majumder S, Agarwal A, Chakraborty S, Majumdar S, Gupta SK. Genome implosion elicits host-confinement in Alcaligenaceae: evidence from the comparative genomics of Tetrathiobacter kashmirensis, a pathogen in the making. PLoS One 2013;8(5):e64856.
- Hara Y, Hayashi K, Nakajima T, Kagawa S, Tazumi A, Moore JE, Matsuda M. Molecular identification and characterization of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) gene cluster in Taylorella equigenitalis. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2013 Sep;58(5):375-84.
- Hébert L, Moumen B, Pons N, Duquesne F, Breuil MF, Goux D, Batto JM, Laugier C, Renault P, Petry S. Genomic characterization of the Taylorella genus. PLoS One 2012;7(1):e29953.
- Hébert L, Moumen B, Duquesne F, Breuil MF, Laugier C, Batto JM, Renault P, Petry S. Genome sequence of Taylorella equigenitalis MCE9, the causative agent of contagious equine metritis. J Bacteriol 2011 Apr;193(7):1785.
- Aalsburg AM, Erdman MM. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis genotyping of Taylorella equigenitalis isolates collected in the United States from 1978 to 2010. J Clin Microbiol 2011 Mar;49(3):829-33.
- Tazumi A, Sekizuka T, Moore JE, Millar BC, Taneike I, Matsuda M. Molecular characterization of intervening sequences in 23S rRNA genes and 23S rRNA fragmentation in Taylorella equigenitalis. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2008;53(6):486-92.
- Tazumi A, Ono S, Sekizuka T, Moore JE, Millar BC, Matsuda M. Molecular characterization of the sequences of the 16S-23S rDNA internal spacer region (ISR) from isolates of Taylorella asinigenitalis. BMC Res Notes 2009 Mar 3;2:33.
- Kagawa S, Nagano Y, Tazumi A, Murayama O, Millar BC, Moore JE, Matsuda M. Nucleotide sequencing and analysis of 16S rDNA and 16S-23S rDNA internal spacer region (ISR) of Taylorella equigenitalis, as an important pathogen for contagious equine metritis (CEM). Vet Res Commun 2006 May;30(4):343-55.
- Matsuda M, Tazumi A, Kagawa S, Sekizuka T, Murayama O, Moore JE, Millar BC. Homogeneity of the 16S rDNA sequence among geographically disparate isolates of Taylorella equigenitalis. BMC Vet Res 2006 Jan 6;2:1.
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