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Animals : an open access journal from MDPI2021; 11(6); doi: 10.3390/ani11061777

Recovery after General Anaesthesia in Adult Horses: A Structured Summary of the Literature.

Abstract: Recovery remains the most dangerous phase of general anaesthesia in horses. The objective of this publication was to perform a structured literature review including levels of evidence (LoE) of each study with the keywords "recovery anaesthesia horse", entered at once, in the search browsers PubMed and Web of Science. The two authors independently evaluated each candidate article. A final list with 444 articles was obtained on 5 April 2021, classified as: 41 "narrative reviews/expert opinions", 16 "retrospective outcome studies", 5 "surveys", 59 "premedication/sedation and induction drugs", 27 "maintenance with inhalant agents", 55 "maintenance with total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA)", 3 "TIVA versus inhalants", 56 "maintenance with partial intravenous anaesthesia (PIVA)", 27 "other drugs used during maintenance", 18 "drugs before/during recovery", 18 "recovery systems", 21 "respiratory system in recovery", 41 "other factors", 51 "case series/reports" and 6 "systems to score recoveries". Of them, 167 were LoE 1, 36 LoE 2, 33 LoE 3, 110 LoE 4, 90 LoE 5 and 8 could not be classified based on the available abstract. This review can be used as an up-to-date compilation of the literature about recovery after general anaesthesia in adult horses that tried to minimise the bias inherent to narrative reviews.
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Publication Date: 2021-06-14 PubMed ID: 34198637PubMed Central: PMC8232193DOI: 10.3390/ani11061777Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research article presents a comprehensive review of literature on the recovery process in adult horses after general anesthesia, with an aim to part down the inherent bias that is usually found in narrative reviews. The study counts 444 articles, grouped under diverse categories and analyzed based on levels of evidence, providing a structured and current reference for recovery after horse anesthesia.

Literature Review

  • The researchers set out to conduct a structured review of existing literature on the subject of general anesthesia recovery in adult horses. They employed robust search engines such as PubMed and Web of Science to scour for findings related to this topic.
  • The key words were entered concurrently in the search browsers. The choice of these keywords was not mentioned in the abstract.
  • The authors independently evaluated each potential article to avoid biases and ensure a thorough analysis of the data.

Classification of Articles

  • This rigorous search and review strategy resulted in 444 articles, which the authors catalogued as of 5th April 2021. However, the abstract does not reveal the criteria used to classify these articles into their respective groupings. There were in total 14 different categories, with each one having multiple articles pertaining to those classifications.
  • Some categories had more articles than others, the reason for which is not elaborated in the abstract.

Levels of Evidence

  • Each study was evaluated and assigned a level of evidence (LoE). This is a hierarchical classification where LoE 1 indicates the highest quality of evidence such as randomized controlled double blind studies, and LoE 5 represents editorial opinions or descriptive case studies.
  • Of the total studies, 167 were awarded LoE 1, 36 were LoE 2, 33 were LoE 3, 110 were LoE 4, 90 were LoE 5. A small number (8) failed to be classified based on the provided abstracts.

Interpretation and Potential Impact

  • Given the vast amount of data collected, this review serves as an up-to-date, comprehensive literature compilation regarding recovery from general anesthesia in adult horses. By structuring the review and grading the studies based on the level of evidence, the researchers ensure a higher standard of reference for future work in this field.
  • The study may help to further minimize the bias found inherently in narrative reviews, contributing to more reliable and valid conclusions about anesthesia recovery in adult horses.

Cite This Article

APA
Gozalo-Marcilla M, Ringer SK. (2021). Recovery after General Anaesthesia in Adult Horses: A Structured Summary of the Literature. Animals (Basel), 11(6). https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11061777

Publication

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI
ISSN: 2076-2615
NlmUniqueID: 101635614
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 11
Issue: 6

Researcher Affiliations

Gozalo-Marcilla, Miguel
  • Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Easter Bush Campus, The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and The Roslin Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK.
Ringer, Simone Katja
  • Department of Clinical Diagnostics and Services, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zürich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland.

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Citations

This article has been cited 5 times.
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