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Home / Equine Research Bank / Can Vet J / Regulation of the estrous cycle in domestic animals– a...
The Canadian veterinary journal = La revue veterinaire canadienne1980; 21(11); 301-306;

Regulation of the estrous cycle in domestic animals– a review.

Abstract: Neuroendocrine and endocrine factors involved in the regulation of reproductive cycles in domestic animals are discussed. Although research data from many species are considered, emphasis is placed on their relevance for the cow, sow, ewe and, to a lesser extent, the mare. Literature cited is not designed to be complete, but rather to be representative of the large volume of material which has been written on the subject.Gonadotropin-releasing hormone is synthesized and secreted in response to various exteroceptive stimuli, but both its release and its effects on the anterior pituitary are modified by feedback of target gland hormones. A modulating role for nonsteroidal regulators such as inhibin has yet to be proven. Prostaglandins are important for corpus luteum regression and ovulation. The relative roles of the gonadotropins and the above substances in hypothalamic, adenohypophyseal and ovarian function are considered. General mention is made of mechanisms of hormonal action.
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Publication Date: 1980-11-01 PubMed ID: 6780182PubMed Central: PMC1789810
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research in this article explores the neuroendocrine and endocrine factors that influence the reproductive cycles of domestic animals, particularly cows, pigs, sheep, and horses. The study also examines the role of hormones like gonadotropin-releasing hormone and prostaglandins in these cycles.

Understanding the Research’s Focus

  • The primary focus of the paper is the investigation of neuroendocrine and endocrine factors that regulate the reproductive cycles of domestic animals. The researchers considered data from numerous species but focussed primarily on cows, pigs, sheep, and horses.
  • The research aims to understand the impact of hormones and how various stimuli prompt the creation and release of these hormones.

Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone and its Significance

  • The gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is critical in this context. It is synthesized and secreted in response to multiple exteroceptive stimuli, which refers to stimuli originating outside the organism.
  • However, the release of this hormone and its impact on the anterior pituitary – a part of the brain that releases hormones – undergo modification by feedback from target gland hormones, demonstrating a complex interplay of hormones and feedback mechanisms.

Role of Prostaglandins

  • Prostaglandins, another group of hormones, are highlighted as key to the process of corpus luteum regression and ovulation. The corpus luteum is a structure that develops in the ovaries and has a role in producing progesterone, a hormone that regulates the reproductive cycle.
  • An analysis is made of the relative roles of these hormones and other substances mentioned, such as gonadotropins, in the proper functioning of the hypothalamus, adenohypophysis (another part of the pituitary gland), and the ovaries.

Exploration of Hormonal Action Mechanisms

  • The research also includes an overview of hormone action’s mechanisms. This overview takes a broad perspective rather than zooming in on specific mechanisms.
  • The paper mentions non-steroidal regulators like inhibin. However, the research says it remains to be proven whether these regulators play a modulating role.

Cite This Article

APA
Downey BR. (1980). Regulation of the estrous cycle in domestic animals– a review. Can Vet J, 21(11), 301-306.

Publication

The Canadian veterinary journal = La revue veterinaire canadienne
ISSN: 0008-5286
NlmUniqueID: 0004653
Country: Canada
Language: English
Volume: 21
Issue: 11
Pages: 301-306

Researcher Affiliations

Downey, B R

    MeSH Terms

    • Animals
    • Cattle / physiology
    • Corpus Luteum / physiology
    • Estrus / drug effects
    • Female
    • Follicle Stimulating Hormone / physiology
    • Horses / physiology
    • Luteinizing Hormone / physiology
    • Ovarian Follicle / physiology
    • Ovulation
    • Pregnancy
    • Prostaglandins F / pharmacology
    • Swine / physiology

    References

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    Citations

    This article has been cited 6 times.
    1. Lei K, Zong C, Du X, Teng G, Feng F. Oestrus Analysis of Sows Based on Bionic Boars and Machine Vision Technology.. Animals (Basel) 2021 May 21;11(6).
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    2. Mahé C, Zlotkowska AM, Reynaud K, Tsikis G, Mermillod P, Druart X, Schoen J, Saint-Dizier M. Sperm migration, selection, survival, and fertilizing ability in the mammalian oviduct†.. Biol Reprod 2021 Aug 3;105(2):317-331.
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    3. Hicks GR, Fraser NS, Bertin FR. Changes Associated with the Peri-Ovulatory Period, Age and Pregnancy in ACTH, Cortisol, Glucose and Insulin Concentrations in Mares.. Animals (Basel) 2021 Mar 20;11(3).
      doi: 10.3390/ani11030891pubmed: 33804751google scholar: lookup
    4. Bellofiore N, Evans J. Monkeys, mice and menses: the bloody anomaly of the spiny mouse.. J Assist Reprod Genet 2019 May;36(5):811-817.
      doi: 10.1007/s10815-018-1390-3pubmed: 30610663google scholar: lookup
    5. Kim JM, Park JE, Yoo I, Han J, Kim N, Lim WJ, Cho ES, Choi B, Choi S, Kim TH, Te Pas MFW, Ka H, Lee KT. Integrated transcriptomes throughout swine oestrous cycle reveal dynamic changes in reproductive tissues interacting networks.. Sci Rep 2018 Apr 3;8(1):5436.
      doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-23655-1pubmed: 29615657google scholar: lookup
    6. Koester DC, Wildt DE, Maly M, Comizzoli P, Crosier AE. Non-invasive identification of protein biomarkers for early pregnancy diagnosis in the cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus).. PLoS One 2017;12(12):e0188575.
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