Rein tensions and behaviour with five rein types in international-level vaulting horses.

The study focuses on evaluating the impact of different types of reins on the rein tensions and behavioural discomfort signs in international-level vaulting horses. Through testing, researchers found that the rein type significantly affected the rein and lunge line tensions as well as discomfort behaviors of the 39 horses studied.

Methods and Participants

• The researchers studied thirty-nine international-level vaulting horses. The horses were tested with different types of reins, including side reins with and without elastic, all-elastic reins, draw reins with an upper adjustment triangle, and side reins fixed on the noseband. The rein types were adjusted in accordance with the FEI Vaulting Rules.
• The horses performed a certain activity, namely cantering for 1 minute and 30 seconds on a 15-metre circle without a vaulter.
• The tensions of the left and right reins, as well as the lunge line, were measured using sensors at a frequency rate of 80 Hz to understand their influence on the horses’ behaviour and performance.
• Accompanying these measurements, the researchers utilized video footage to further analyse the horses’ behavior, specifically focusing on locomotion, tail, head, mouth and ear movements.

Outcomes

• It was observed that the root mean square (RMS), a statistical measure used to calculate average tension, of the left and right reins, as well as the total sum and lunge line, were affected by the type of rein used. In all cases, these influences were significant (p < 0.001).
• The total RMS tension range was between 6.2 kg and 11.7 kg, with the tension on the right rein being greater than that on the left (p < 0.001).
• Higher rein tension correlated with increased mouth opening in horses (p = 0.007), indicating discomfort.
• Draw reins resulted in less total tension (p < 0.05) and fewer mouth openings (p = 0.005), even though individual horse variance played a role in these discomfort behaviours.

Interpretation

• The findings suggest that the type of rein used in handling vaulting horses significantly impacts both the tension on the reins and lunge line and the behavioral signs of discomfort displayed by the horses.
• Draw reins appear to be linked with less discomfort and lower tension rates, although it should be noted that individual horse characteristics also play a critical role in determining these effects.
• The study thus informs best practices for vaulting horses’ handling and care, showing how the right equipment, when used appropriately, can enhance the horses’ performance and wellbeing.