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Journal of veterinary internal medicine2017; 31(5); 1541-1550; doi: 10.1111/jvim.14799

Relationship Between β-cell Response and Insulin Sensitivity in Horses based on the Oral Sugar Test and the Euglycemic Hyperinsulinemic Clamp.

Abstract: A hyperbolic relationship between β-cell response and insulin sensitivity (IS) has been described in several species including rodents, dogs, and humans. This relationship has not been elucidated in the horse. Objective: To determine whether the hyperbolic relationship between β-cell response and IS exists in horses by using indices of β-cell response from the oral sugar test (OST) and IS measurements from the euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp (EHC). A second aim was to compare how well IS estimates from the OST and EHC correlate. Methods: Forty-nine horses with different degrees of insulin regulation (normal-to-severe insulin dysregulation). Methods: Cross-sectional study. Horses were examined with an OST and an EHC. Results: Decreased IS was associated with increased β-cell response in the horses. Nine of 12 comparisons between indices of β-cell response and IS measures fulfilled the criteria for a hyperbolic relationship. Indices of IS calculated from the OST correlated highly with the insulin-dependent glucose disposal rate (M) and the insulin-dependent glucose disposal rate per unit of insulin (M/I) determined from the EHC (r = 0.81-0.87). Conclusions: A hyperbolic relationship between β-cell response and IS exists in horses, which suggest that horses with insulin dysregulation respond not only with postprandial hyperinsulinemia but are also insulin resistant. The OST is primarily a test for β-cell response rather than a test for IS, but calculated indices of IS from the OST may be useful to estimate IS in horses, especially when the horse is insulin resistant.
Copyright © 2017 The Authors. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.
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Publication Date: 2017-08-10 PubMed ID: 28796307PubMed Central: PMC5598889DOI: 10.1111/jvim.14799Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research explores the connection between beta-cell response and insulin sensitivity in horses, using indices from the oral sugar test and measurements from the euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp. The study found evidence of a hyperbolic relationship between the two, suggesting horses with insulin dysregulation exhibit not only post-meal high insulin levels but also insulin resistance.

Objective of the Research

  • The main purpose of this research was to confirm the existence of a hyperbolic link between beta-cell response and insulin sensitivity in horses. This relationship has been identified in other species but is unidentified in horses.
  • The second objective was to compare how well insulin sensitivity estimates from the Oral Sugar Test (OST) and Euglycemic Hyperinsulinemic Clamp (EHC) correlate.

Research Methodology

  • The study was conducted on forty-nine horses portraying varying degrees of insulin regulation, ranging from ordinary to severe insulin dysregulation.
  • This was a cross-sectional study where horses were subjected to both an OST and an EHC. These two tests were used to measure the horse’s insulin sensitivity and beta-cell response.

Results of the Study

  • Findings indicated that a decrease in insulin sensitivity was associated with an increase in beta-cell response in horses. In other words, horses that were less sensitive to insulin exhibited higher beta-cell activity.
  • Nine out of twelve comparisons between indices of beta-cell response and insulin sensitivity measures satisfied the criteria for a hyperbolic relationship. This suggests a strong correlation between insulin sensitivity and beta-cell response.
  • Insulin sensitivity indices computed from the OST showed strong correlation with the insulin-dependent glucose disposal rate (M) and the insulin-dependent glucose disposal rate per unit of insulin (M/I) ascertained from the EHC.

Conclusions Drawn from the Research

  • The research establishes the existence of a hyperbolic relationship between beta-cell response and insulin sensitivity in horses. It implies that horses with insulin dysregulation show signs of not only elevated insulin levels after a meal but also resistance to insulin.
  • While the OST primarily tests for beta-cell response, computed indices of insulin sensitivity from the test can provide a useful estimate of insulin sensitivity in horses, particularly when the animal exhibits signs of insulin resistance.

Cite This Article

APA
Lindåse S, Nostell K, Söder J, Bröjer J. (2017). Relationship Between β-cell Response and Insulin Sensitivity in Horses based on the Oral Sugar Test and the Euglycemic Hyperinsulinemic Clamp. J Vet Intern Med, 31(5), 1541-1550. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.14799

Publication

Journal of veterinary internal medicine
ISSN: 1939-1676
NlmUniqueID: 8708660
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 31
Issue: 5
Pages: 1541-1550

Researcher Affiliations

Lindåse, S
  • Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
Nostell, K
  • Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
Söder, J
  • Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
Bröjer, J
  • Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Female
  • Glucose Clamp Technique / veterinary
  • Glucose Tolerance Test / veterinary
  • Horses / physiology
  • Insulin Resistance / physiology
  • Insulin-Secreting Cells / physiology
  • Male

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Citations

This article has been cited 3 times.
  1. Lindåse S, Nostell K, Bergsten P, Forslund A, Bröjer J. Evaluation of fasting plasma insulin and proxy measurements to assess insulin sensitivity in horses. BMC Vet Res 2021 Feb 15;17(1):78.
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  2. de Laat MA, Sillence MN, Reiche DB. Phenotypic, hormonal, and clinical characteristics of equine endocrinopathic laminitis. J Vet Intern Med 2019 May;33(3):1456-1463.
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  3. Lindåse S, Nostell K, Forslund A, Bergsten P, Bröjer J. Short-term effects of canagliflozin on glucose and insulin responses in insulin dysregulated horses: A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, study. J Vet Intern Med 2023 Nov-Dec;37(6):2520-2528.
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