Respiratory tract immune response to microbial pathogens.
Abstract: Effective resistance to respiratory tract infection depends principally on specific immunity on mucosal surfaces of the upper or lower respiratory tract. Respiratory tract immune response comprises antibody and cell-mediated systems and may be induced most readily by surface presentation of replicating agents but can result from parenteral or local presentation of highly immunogenic antigens. Upper and lower respiratory tract systems differ in immunologic competence, with the lungs having a greater inventory of protective mechanisms than the trachea or nose. Several effective vaccines have been developed for prevention or modification of respiratory tract diseases.
Publication Date: 1982-11-15 PubMed ID: 6294027
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Summary
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This research article focuses on the immune system’s response to infections in the respiratory tract. It discusses the mechanisms through which the body protects itself from microbial pathogens in the upper and lower respiratory tract, highlighting the influence of specific immunity, the role of antibody and cell-mediated systems, and the disparity in immunological competence between different parts of the respiratory tract.
Understanding Respiratory Tract Immunities
- The study presents how our bodies fend off respiratory tract infections primarily through specific immunity on mucosal surfaces in the higher and lower areas of the respiratory tract. The process includes both antibody and cell-mediated systems.
- The immune response in the respiratory tract can be triggered more easily by replicating agents displayed on the surface, but it can also result from highly immunogenic antigens presented either parenterally or locally.
Differences within Respiratory Tract Immune Systems
- The upper and lower respiratory tract systems do not possess the same level of immunological competence. Specific differences were highlighted indicating that the lungs own a more comprehensive reserve of protective mechanisms compared to the trachea or the nose.
- These differences are important to understand because they can affect the body’s ability to respond to infections, as well as influence the course and outcome of the disease.
Vaccines for Respiratory Tract Diseases
- The research paper also mentions several effective vaccines that have been developed for the prevention or modification of respiratory tract diseases. However, it does not provide comprehensive details about these vaccines.
- These vaccines work by stimulating the immune response in the respiratory tract, thereby helping the body to build up immunity against specific pathogens.
Cite This Article
APA
Wilkie BN.
(1982).
Respiratory tract immune response to microbial pathogens.
J Am Vet Med Assoc, 181(10), 1074-1079.
Publication
Researcher Affiliations
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Animals, Newborn
- Bacterial Infections / complications
- Bacterial Infections / immunology
- Bacterial Infections / veterinary
- Bordetella Infections / immunology
- Bordetella Infections / prevention & control
- Bordetella Infections / veterinary
- Cats
- Cattle
- Dogs
- Herpesvirus 1, Bovine / immunology
- Horses
- Immunity, Cellular
- Immunoglobulin A / biosynthesis
- Immunoglobulin G / biosynthesis
- Lung / immunology
- Lung / metabolism
- Nasal Mucosa / immunology
- Nasal Mucosa / metabolism
- Pasteurellosis, Pneumonic / etiology
- Pasteurellosis, Pneumonic / immunology
- Pasteurellosis, Pneumonic / prevention & control
- Phagocytosis
- Picornaviridae Infections / immunology
- Picornaviridae Infections / prevention & control
- Picornaviridae Infections / veterinary
- Respiratory Tract Infections / etiology
- Respiratory Tract Infections / immunology
- Respiratory Tract Infections / veterinary
- Sheep
- Swine
- Vaccination / veterinary
Citations
This article has been cited 12 times.- Maltseva M, Galipeau Y, Renner TM, Deschatelets L, Durocher Y, Akache B, Langlois MA. Characterization of Systemic and Mucosal Humoral Immune Responses to an Adjuvanted Intranasal SARS-CoV-2 Protein Subunit Vaccine Candidate in Mice.. Vaccines (Basel) 2022 Dec 23;11(1).
- Gorczynski RM, Lindley RA, Steele EJ, Wickramasinghe NC. Nature of Acquired Immune Responses, Epitope Specificity and Resultant Protection from SARS-CoV-2.. J Pers Med 2021 Nov 25;11(12).
- Ellis JA, Chamorro MF, Lacoste S, Gow SP, Haines DM. Bovine respiratory syncytial virus-specific IgG-1 in nasal secretions of colostrum-fed neonatal calves.. Can Vet J 2018 May;59(5):505-508.
- Mikami Y, Fukushima A, Kuwada-Kusunose T, Sakurai T, Kitano T, Komiyama Y, Iwase T, Komiyama K. Whole transcriptome analysis using next-generation sequencing of sterile-cultured Eisenia andrei for immune system research.. PLoS One 2015;10(2):e0118587.
- Mohd Yasin IS, Mohd Yusoff S, Mohd ZS, Abd Wahid Mohd E. Efficacy of an inactivated recombinant vaccine encoding a fimbrial protein of Pasteurella multocida B:2 against hemorrhagic septicemia in goats.. Trop Anim Health Prod 2011 Jan;43(1):179-87.
- Xu Y, Wang Y, Tan Y, Zhang H, Wu L, Wang L, Hou Q, Zhang S. Production and characterization of recombinant pertactin, fimbriae 2 and fimbriae 3 from Bordetella pertussis.. BMC Microbiol 2009 Dec 29;9:274.
- Furesz SE, Mallard BA, Bossé JT, Rosendal S, Wilkie BN, MacInnes JI. Antibody- and cell-mediated immune responses of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae-infected and bacterin-vaccinated pigs.. Infect Immun 1997 Feb;65(2):358-65.
- Chung WB, Bäckström L, McDonald J, Collins MT. Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae culture supernatants interfere with killing of Pasteurella multocida by swine pulmonary alveolar macrophages.. Can J Vet Res 1993 Jul;57(3):190-7.
- Morrison RB, Pijoan C, Hilley HD, Rapp V. Microorganisms associated with pneumonia in slaughter weight swine.. Can J Comp Med 1985 Apr;49(2):129-37.
- Galan JE, Timoney JF, Lengemann FW. Passive transfer of mucosal antibody to Streptococcus equi in the foal.. Infect Immun 1986 Oct;54(1):202-6.
- Chirino-Trejo JM, Prescott JF, Yager JA. Protection of foals against experimental Rhodococcus equi pneumonia by oral immunization.. Can J Vet Res 1987 Oct;51(4):444-7.
- Mosier DA, Simons KR, Confer AW, Panciera RJ, Clinkenbeard KD. Pasteurella haemolytica antigens associated with resistance to pneumonic pasteurellosis.. Infect Immun 1989 Mar;57(3):711-6.
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