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Home / Equine Research Bank / Front Vet Sci / Selected cytokine and chemokine concentrations in equine aut...
Frontiers in veterinary science2025; 12; 1588240; doi: 10.3389/fvets.2025.1588240

Selected cytokine and chemokine concentrations in equine autologous conditioned serum are similar under defined and practically relevant storage conditions.

Abstract: The anti-inflammatory and regenerative effects of autologous conditioned serum (ACS) in joint-associated disorders are presumably mediated by the biomolecules it contains, such as cytokines and chemokines. ACS is commonly used in equine practice after storage. Data regarding the influence of storage conditions of ACS on cytokine and chemokine concentrations are not available. Unassigned: To evaluate the effect of commonly used storage conditions on selected cytokine and chemokine concentrations in equine ACS. Unassigned: From 10 horse patients with clinically indicated ACS preparation six ACS aliquots each were stored under different storage conditions. The samples were evaluated after storage at room temperature (rt) or at refrigerator temperature (6-8°C) for 6 h. Another set of samples was stored frozen at -20°C for 7 months. After this storage under clinically relevant conditions all samples were frozen at -80°C, and compared to an aliquot immediately frozen at -80°C. Mediator concentrations were determined by fluorescent bead-based multiplex assays using monoclonal antibodies that are specific for the respective analyzed molecule: interferon (IFN)-γ, interleukin (IL)-17A, IL-4, IL-10, and IFN-α (equine cytokine 5-plex assay) as well as CC-chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2), CCL3, CCL5, CCL11, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and IL-1β (equine chemokine 6-plex assay) were analyzed. Unassigned: Concentrations of IFN-γ and IL-10, as well as the chemokines analyzed, showed marked interindividual differences. The cytokines IL-17A, IL-4, and IFN-α were not detected in any of the samples analyzed. Concentrations of selected cytokines, and chemokines were similar between the defined storage conditions. Unassigned: Concentrations of selected cytokines, chemokines, and IL-1ra in equine ACS were not influenced by the defined storage conditions studied (rt, refrigerated, frozen).
Copyright © 2025 Roth, Liso, Brehm, Wagner, Schnabel and Troillet.
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Publication Date: 2025-05-27 PubMed ID: 40496923PubMed Central: PMC12150348DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2025.1588240Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research study looks at the impact of various storage conditions on the concentrations of cytokines and chemokines – beneficial biomolecules – in horse serum. The research finds that storage conditions do not significantly affect these concentrations, meaning that the serum retains its therapeutic properties over time and under various conditions.

Introduction to the Study

  • The research focuses on the stability of cytokine and chemokine concentrations in equine autologous conditioned serum (ACS), a therapeutics often used in treating joint-related disorders in horses.
  • Although ACS is widely used, comprehensive data about the effect of various storage conditions on the concentrations of beneficial biomolecules it contains was lacking.
  • The aim of the research study was to evaluate the influence of popular storage conditions – room temperature, refrigerated, and frozen – on these crucial concentrations.

Methodology

  • Clinically indicated ACS was prepared from 10 equine patients and divided into six aliquots each.
  • The samples were stored under different conditions – at room temperature and in a refrigerator (at 6-8°C) for six hours, and frozen at -20°C for seven months.
  • All samples were further stored at -80°C before a comparison against a fresh sample was made.
  • The concentrations of specific biomolecules like IFN-γ, IL-17A, IL-4, IL-10, IFN-α, CCL2, CCL3, CCL5, CCL11, TNF-α, and IL-1β were analyzed using fluorescent bead-based multiplex assays and specific monoclonal antibodies.

Findings

  • There were significant interindividual differences in concentrations of IFN-γ, IL-10, and the chemokines analyzed.
  • The cytokines IL-17A, IL-4, and IFN-α were not detected in any of the samples.
  • The concentrations of the other cytokines and chemokines were found to be unaffected by the different storage conditions. This implies that the storage conditions studied did not affect the potential anti-inflammatory and regenerative effects of ACS.

Cite This Article

APA
Roth SP, Liso G, Brehm W, Wagner B, Schnabel CL, Troillet A. (2025). Selected cytokine and chemokine concentrations in equine autologous conditioned serum are similar under defined and practically relevant storage conditions. Front Vet Sci, 12, 1588240. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2025.1588240

Publication

Frontiers in veterinary science
ISSN: 2297-1769
NlmUniqueID: 101666658
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 12
Pages: 1588240
PII: 1588240

Researcher Affiliations

Roth, Susanne Pauline
  • Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Department for Horses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany.
  • Saxonian Incubator for Clinical Translation (SIKT), Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany.
Liso, Giulia
  • Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Department for Horses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany.
  • Saxonian Incubator for Clinical Translation (SIKT), Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany.
Brehm, Walter
  • Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Department for Horses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany.
  • Saxonian Incubator for Clinical Translation (SIKT), Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany.
Wagner, Bettina
  • Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States.
Schnabel, Christiane Liliane
  • Institute of Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany.
Troillet, Antonia
  • Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Department for Horses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany.
  • Saxonian Incubator for Clinical Translation (SIKT), Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany.

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

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