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Home / Equine Research Bank / Braz J Microbiol / Serologic evidence of West Nile virus and Saint Louis enceph...
Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology]2021; 52(2); 1021-1027; doi: 10.1007/s42770-021-00474-7

Serologic evidence of West Nile virus and Saint Louis encephalitis virus in horses from Southern Brazil.

Abstract: Flaviviruses as West Nile virus (WNV), Saint Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV), Ilhéus virus (ILHV), and Rocio virus (ROCV) are previously reported in different Brazilian regions, but studies in Southern Brazil are still scarce. To improve the information regarding flaviviruses in Southern Brazil, horse serum samples were analyzed using RT-qPCR and a commercial ELISA-Ab against WNV followed by PRNT. All 1000 samples analyzed by real-time RT-PCR resulted negative. The 465 subsampled samples were analyzed by a commercial ELISA-Ab against WNV, and the 18.5% (86/465) positive samples were further analyzed by PRNT. In the PRNT, 13/86 and 2/86 horses were positive for SLEV and WNV, respectively. It was observed that 5.8% (13/226) of the farms presented at least one positive animal for SLEV in PRNT, whereas 0.9% (2/226) for WNV. Apart from the lower seroprevalences identified when compared to data previously reported in other Brazilian regions, our results suggest that public health professionals must be aware of the presence of these potential zoonotic pathogens.
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Publication Date: 2021-04-02 PubMed ID: 33797731PubMed Central: PMC8105465DOI: 10.1007/s42770-021-00474-7Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This study is about the detection of West Nile virus (WNV) and Saint Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV) in horses in Southern Brazil.

Objective of the Study

The objective of the study was to understand the prevalence of certain flaviviruses like West Nile Virus (WNV), Saint Louis Encephalitis Virus (SLEV), ILhéus Virus (ILHV), and Rocio virus (ROCV) in horses in southern Brazil. These viruses are already known to exist in other regions of Brazil but there is limited information available on the situation in southern Brazil.

Methodology Used

  • The research was conducted by collecting horse serum samples, which were then analyzed using real-time Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR) and a commercial ELISA-Ab (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) against West Nile Virus.
  • The RT-qPCR technique is a laboratory technique used to detect, quantify, and study RNA and its expressions.
  • Next, the research employed a method called Plaque Reduction Neutralization Test (PRNT) on those samples that tested positive in ELISA.
  • PRNT is a specific type of neutralizing test that measures the ability of specific antibodies in the serum of a previously infected host to neutralize viral infectivity.

Results of the Research

  • All 1000 samples analyzed using RT-qPCR did not result in any positive results for the presence of the viruses.
  • However, when a subsample of 465 samples was analyzed using ELISA against WNV, 18.5% (86 samples) tested positive.
  • These positive samples were further subjected to PRNT, and it was found that 13 out of 86 horses were positive for SLEV and 2 out of 86 horses were positive for WNV.
  • The results indicate that 5.8% of the farms had at least one horse carrying SLEV, while 0.9% of the farms had at least one horse carrying WNV.

Conclusion

The conclusion based on the research findings indicates that even though the presence of these viruses in the region is lower than what was previously reported in other Brazilian regions, there is still a need for public health professionals to stay cautious, given the zoonotic nature of these pathogens. Zoonotic pathogens can transfer diseases from animals to humans. The research implies that there is a need for continued surveillance of these viruses in the wildlife populations to prevent potential outbreaks.

Cite This Article

APA
Weber MN, Mosena ACS, Baumbach LF, da Silva MS, Canova R, Dos Santos DRL, Budaszewski RDF, de Oliveira LV, Soane MM, Saraiva NB, Bellucco FT, Mazurek BA, Diehl GN, Gil LHVG, Borba MR, Corbellini LG, Canal CW. (2021). Serologic evidence of West Nile virus and Saint Louis encephalitis virus in horses from Southern Brazil. Braz J Microbiol, 52(2), 1021-1027. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42770-021-00474-7

Publication

Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology]
ISSN: 1678-4405
NlmUniqueID: 101095924
Country: Brazil
Language: English
Volume: 52
Issue: 2
Pages: 1021-1027

Researcher Affiliations

Weber, Matheus N
  • Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil. matheusnweber@gmail.com.
Mosena, Ana C S
  • Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Baumbach, Letícia F
  • Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
da Silva, Mariana S
  • Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Canova, Raíssa
  • Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Dos Santos, Débora R L
  • Instituto de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), Seropédica, RJ, Brazil.
Budaszewski, Renata da F
  • Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
de Oliveira, Livia V
  • Instituto Ageu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Recife, PE, Brazil.
Soane, Michel M
  • EUROIMMUN Brazil, São Caetano do Sul, SP, Brazil.
Saraiva, Natália B
  • EUROIMMUN Brazil, São Caetano do Sul, SP, Brazil.
Bellucco, Fernanda T
  • EUROIMMUN Brazil, São Caetano do Sul, SP, Brazil.
Mazurek, Bruno Amaral
  • EUROIMMUN Brazil, São Caetano do Sul, SP, Brazil.
Diehl, Gustavo N
  • Secretaria da Agricultura, Pecuária e Desenvolvimento Rural do Rio Grande do Sul (SEAPDR-RS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Gil, Laura H V G
  • Instituto Ageu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Recife, PE, Brazil.
Borba, Mauro R
  • Laboratório de Epidemiologia Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Corbellini, Luis G
  • Laboratório de Epidemiologia Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Canal, Cláudio W
  • Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Antibodies, Viral / blood
  • Brazil / epidemiology
  • Encephalitis Virus, St. Louis / genetics
  • Encephalitis Virus, St. Louis / immunology
  • Encephalitis Virus, St. Louis / isolation & purification
  • Encephalitis, Arbovirus / blood
  • Encephalitis, Arbovirus / epidemiology
  • Encephalitis, Arbovirus / veterinary
  • Encephalitis, Arbovirus / virology
  • Flavivirus Infections / blood
  • Flavivirus Infections / epidemiology
  • Flavivirus Infections / veterinary
  • Flavivirus Infections / virology
  • Geography
  • Horse Diseases / blood
  • Horse Diseases / epidemiology
  • Horse Diseases / virology
  • Horses
  • RNA, Viral / genetics
  • Seroepidemiologic Studies
  • West Nile virus / genetics
  • West Nile virus / immunology
  • West Nile virus / isolation & purification

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no competing of interests.

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Citations

This article has been cited 8 times.
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