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Animals : an open access journal from MDPI2021; 11(8); 2261; doi: 10.3390/ani11082261

Serological Evidence of Common Equine Viral Infections in a Semi-Isolated, Unvaccinated Population of Hucul Horses.

Abstract: Huculs () are an old breed of primitive mountain horses, originating from the Carpathian Mountains. To the best of our knowledge, data concerning the epidemiology of viral infections observed within this breed are sparse. The objective of this study was to estimate the serological status of a semi-isolated, unvaccinated Hucul herd, with respect to both common equine viral infections and horse-infecting arboviruses, the presence of which was previously reported in Poland. Twenty horses of the Hucul breed, living in a remote area in Poland, were studied in 2018 from March to May. Using nasal secretion swabs as a specimen source, isolation attempts were negative regarding ERAV, EHV-1, EAV, and EIV. According to the virus neutralisation method, in the sera obtained from the animals, antibodies against the following viruses were detected: EHV-1 in 12 horses (60%; with titres from 1:8 to 1:64), EIV A/H7N7 in 13 (65%; titres from 1:20 to 1:80), EIV A /H3N8 in 12 (60%; titres from 1:20 to 1:80), USUV in 5 (25%; titres from 1:10 to 1:80), and ERAV in 1 (5%; titre 1:32). Antibodies against EAV, EIAV, and WNV were not present in the tested sera. The detected presence of specific antibodies associated with five out of the eight equine viruses investigated indicates that the Hucul herd, due to its partial separation and lack of specific prophylaxis, could serve as a sentinel animal group for the detection of equine viruses/arboviruses present within the local ecosystem. The detection of common equine viral infections within the herd provides additional epidemiological data concerning the breed.
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Publication Date: 2021-07-30 PubMed ID: 34438717PubMed Central: PMC8388522DOI: 10.3390/ani11082261Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research article discusses a study conducted on a semi-isolated, unvaccinated herd of Hucul horses in Poland to assess their serological status—the presence of antibodies in their blood—for common equine viral infections and other viruses known to infect horses. The presence of antibodies to five of the eight investigated viruses suggests that the herd could be useful for monitoring these diseases in the local environment.

Study Background

  • The Hucul breed, originating from the Carpathian Mountains, is an old breed of mountain horses.
  • Despite their antiquity, there’s a lack of information about the prevalence of viral infections within this breed.
  • Arboviruses, a group of viruses that are commonly transmitted through the bite of infected mosquitoes, have been reported in Poland. However, it’s unclear whether these viruses affect the Hucul breed.

Purpose of the Study

  • The researchers aimed to assess the serological status of a semi-isolated, unvaccinated Hucul herd on common equine viral infections and horse-infecting arboviruses in Poland.
  • The determination of the serological status would be achieved through the measuring of antibodies present in the horses’ blood serum against certain viruses.

Methodology & Results

  • Twenty Hucul horses from a remote area in Poland were examined for this study from March to May in 2018.
  • Nasal secretion swabs, which could be used to directly isolate certain viruses, were tested, but tests turned out negative for virus presence.
  • However, the serum derived from these horses contained antibodies against several viruses. The rates of antibodies detection were as follows: equine herpesvirus-1 (EHV-1) in 12 horses (60%), equine influenza virus A/H7N7 segment in 13 horses (65%), equine influenza virus A/H3N8 segment in 12 horses (60%), Usutu virus (USUV) in 5 horses (25%), and equine rhinitis A virus (ERAV) in one horse (5%).
  • Antibodies against Equine Arterivirus (EAV), Equine Infectious Anemia Virus (EIAV), and West Nile Virus (WNV) were not detected in the tested serums.

Significance of Findings

  • The findings showed a presence of antibodies associated with five of the eight equine viruses investigated.
  • This indicates that the Hucul horses, due to their partial isolation and lack of specific vaccinations, could serve as a sentinel animal group for detecting the presence of these equine viruses or arboviruses within the local environment.
  • The detection of viral infection also provides valuable epidemiological data concerning this breed.

Cite This Article

APA
Bażanów B, Pawęska JT, Pogorzelska A, Florek M, Frącka A, Gębarowski T, Chwirot W, Stygar D. (2021). Serological Evidence of Common Equine Viral Infections in a Semi-Isolated, Unvaccinated Population of Hucul Horses. Animals (Basel), 11(8), 2261. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11082261

Publication

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI
ISSN: 2076-2615
NlmUniqueID: 101635614
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 11
Issue: 8
PII: 2261

Researcher Affiliations

Bażanów, Barbara
  • Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland.
Pawęska, Janusz T
  • Centre for Emerging Zoonotic and Parasitic Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Johannesburg 2131, South Africa.
Pogorzelska, Aleksandra
  • Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland.
Florek, Magdalena
  • Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland.
Frącka, Agnieszka
  • Grove Referrals, Fakenham NR21 8JG, UK.
Gębarowski, Tomasz
  • Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Diagnostics, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland.
Chwirot, Wojciech
  • Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland.
Stygar, Dominika
  • Chair and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine with Dentistry Division in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland.

Grant Funding

  • The research/The publication is financed/co-financed under the Leading Research Groups support project from the subsidy increased for the period 2020-2025 in the amount of 2% of the subsidy referred to Art. 387 (3) of the Law of 20 July 2018 on Higher Edu / The research/The publication is financed/co-financed under the Leading Research Groups support project from the subsidy increased for the period 2020-2025 in the amount of 2% of the subsidy referred to Art. 387 (3) of the Law of 20 July 2018 on Higher Edu

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Citations

This article has been cited 1 times.
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